High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T for Risk Stratification in Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Optimal secondary prevention for patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) remains unknown. We aimed to assess whether high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) levels are associated with major vascular events and whether hs-cTnT may identify patients who benefit from anticoagulation following ESUS.

METHODS:

Data were obtained from the biomarker substudy of the NAVIGATE ESUS trial, a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of rivaroxaban versus aspirin for secondary stroke prevention in ESUS. Patients were dichotomized at the hs-cTnT upper reference limit (14 ng/L, Gen V, Roche Diagnostics). Cox proportional hazard models were computed to explore the association between hs-cTnT, the combined cardiovascular end point (recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, systemic embolism, cardiovascular death), and recurrent ischemic stroke.

RESULTS:

Among 1337 patients enrolled at 111 participating centers in 18 countries (mean age 67±9 years, 61% male), hs-cTnT was detectable in 95% and at/above the upper reference limit in 21%. During a median follow-up of 11 months, the combined cardiovascular end point occurred in 68 patients (5.0%/y, rivaroxaban 28 events, aspirin 40 events; hazard ratio, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.41-1.1]), and recurrent ischemic stroke occurred in 50 patients (4.0%/y, rivaroxaban 16 events, aspirin 34 events, hazard ratio 0.45 [95% CI, 0.25-0.81]). Annualized combined cardiovascular end point rates were 8.2% (9.5% rivaroxaban, 7.0% aspirin) for those above hs-cTnT upper reference limit and 4.8% (3.1% rivaroxaban, 6.6% aspirin) below with a significant treatment modification (P=0.04). Annualized ischemic stroke rates were 4.7% above hs-cTnT upper reference limit and 3.9% below, with no suggestion of an interaction between hs-cTnT and treatment (P=0.3).

CONCLUSIONS:

In patients with ESUS, hs-cTnT was associated with increased cardiovascular event rates. While fewer recurrent strokes occurred in patients receiving rivaroxaban, outcomes were not stratified by hs-cTn results. Our findings support using hs-cTnT for cardiovascular risk stratification but not for decision-making regarding anticoagulation therapy in patients with ESUS. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02313909.

• Authors: Jan F Scheitz, Guillaume Pare, Lesly A Pearce, Hardi Mundl, W Frank Peacock, Anna Czlonkowska, Mukul Sharma, Christian H Nolte, Ashkan Shoamanesh, Scott D Berkowitz, Thomas Krahn, Matthias Endres, NAVIGATE-ESUS Biomarker Working Group
• Journal: Stroke (Stroke) Vol. 51 Issue 8 Pg. 2386-2394 (08 2020) ISSN: 1524-4628 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 32640945 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers
• Factor Xa Inhibitors
• Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
• Troponin T
• Rivaroxaban
• Aspirin

Topics

• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Aspirin (administration & dosage)
• Biomarkers (blood)
• Double-Blind Method
• Factor Xa Inhibitors (administration & dosage)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Internationality
• Intracranial Embolism (blood, diagnosis, drug therapy)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors (administration & dosage)
• Risk Assessment
• Rivaroxaban (administration & dosage)
• Stroke (blood, diagnosis, drug therapy)
• Troponin T (blood)