SPANX Control of Lamin A/C Modulates Nuclear Architecture and Promotes Melanoma Growth.

Abstract

Mechanisms regulating nuclear organization control fundamental cellular processes, including the cell and chromatin organization. Their disorganization, including aberrant nuclear architecture, has been often implicated in cellular transformation. Here, we identify Lamin A, among proteins essential for nuclear architecture, as SPANX (sperm protein associated with the nucleus on the X chromosome), a cancer testis antigen previously linked to invasive tumor phenotypes, interacting protein in melanoma. SPANX interaction with Lamin A was mapped to the immunoglobulin fold-like domain, a region critical for Lamin A function, which is often mutated in laminopathies. SPANX downregulation in melanoma cell lines perturbed nuclear organization, decreased cell viability, and promoted senescence-associated phenotypes. Moreover, SPANX knockdown (KD) in melanoma cells promoted proliferation arrest, a phenotype mediated in part by IRF3/IL1A signaling. SPANX KD in melanoma cells also prompted the secretion of IL1A, which attenuated the proliferation of naïve melanoma cells. Identification of SPANX as a nuclear architecture complex component provides an unexpected insight into the regulation of Lamin A and its importance in melanoma. IMPLICATIONS: SPANX, a testis protein, interacts with LMNA and controls nuclear architecture and melanoma growth.

• Authors: Ikrame Lazar, Bertrand Fabre, Yongmei Feng, Ali Khateb, Patrick Turko, Julia M Martinez Gomez, Dennie T Frederick, Mitchell P Levesque, Lea Feld, Gao Zhang, Tongwu Zhang, Brian James, Jeny Shklover, Emily Avitan-Hersh, Ido Livneh, Marzia Scortegagna, Kevin Brown, Ola Larsson, Ivan Topisirovic, Haguy Wolfenson, Meenhard Herlyn, Keith Flaherty, Reinhard Dummer, Ze'ev A Ronai
• Journal: Molecular cancer research : MCR (Mol Cancer Res) Vol. 18 Issue 10 Pg. 1560-1573 (10 2020) ISSN: 1557-3125 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 32571981 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: ©2020 American Association for Cancer Research.

Chemical References

• Lamin Type A
• Lamins
• Nuclear Proteins
• lamin C protein, human

Topics

• Humans
• Lamin Type A (metabolism)
• Lamins (metabolism)
• Melanoma (genetics, pathology)
• Nuclear Proteins (genetics)
• Transfection