Microbiome Transfer Partly Overrides Lack of IL-1RI Signaling to Alter Hepatic but not Adipose Tissue Phenotype and Lipid Handling following a High-Fat Diet Challenge.

Abstract

SCOPE:

IL-1RI-mediated inflammatory signaling alters metabolic tissue responses to dietary challenges (e.g., high-fat diet [HFD]). Recent work suggests that metabolic phenotype is transferrable between mice in a shared living environment (i.e., co-housing) due to gut microbiome exchange. The authors examine whether the metabolic phenotype of IL-1RI-/- mice fed HFD or low-fat diet (LFD) could be transferred to wild-type (WT) mice through gut microbiome exchange facilitated by co-housing.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

Male WT (C57BL/J6) and IL-1RI-/- mice are fed HFD (45% kcal) or LFD (10% kcal) for 24 weeks and housed i) by genotype (single-housed) or ii) with members of the other genotype in a shared microbial environment (co-housed). The IL-1RI-/-  gut microbiome is dominant to WT, meaning that co-housed WT mice adopted the IL-1RI-/- microbiota profile. This is concomitant with greater body weight, hepatic lipid accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy, and hyperinsulinemia in co-housed WT mice, compared to single-housed counterparts. These effects are most evident following HFD. Primary features of microbiome differences are Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae (known producers of SCFA).

CONCLUSION:

Transfer of SCFA-producing microbiota from IL-1RI-/- mice highlights a new connection between diet, inflammatory signaling, and the gut microbiome, an association that is dependent on the nature of the dietary fat challenge.

• Authors: Jessica C Ralston, Kathleen A J Mitchelson, Gina M Lynch, Tam T T Tran, Hao Wang, Conall R Strain, Yvonne M Lenighan, Elaine B Kennedy, Catherine Stanton, Fiona C McGillicuddy, Qiaozhu Su, Paul W O'Toole, Helen M Roche
• Journal: Molecular nutrition & food research (Mol Nutr Food Res) Vol. 65 Issue 1 Pg. e2000202 (01 2021) ISSN: 1613-4133 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 32558187 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Chemical References

• Fatty Acids, Volatile
• IL1R1 protein, mouse
• Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I

Topics

• 3T3-L1 Cells
• Adipose Tissue (metabolism)
• Animals
• Diet, High-Fat (adverse effects)
• Fatty Acids, Volatile (metabolism)
• Gastrointestinal Microbiome (genetics, physiology)
• Hep G2 Cells
• Humans
• Lipid Metabolism
• Liver (physiology)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Mice, Mutant Strains
• Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I (genetics, metabolism)
• Signal Transduction