Exposure to Cigarette Smoke Augments Post-ischemic Brain Injury and Inflammation via Mobilization of Neutrophils and Monocytes.

Abstract

Cigarette smoke is a major preventable risk factor of ischemic stroke. Cigarette smoke induces a significant increase in circulating leukocytes. However, it remains unclear to what extent and by what mechanisms smoke priming influences stroke severity. Here we report that exposure to cigarette smoke exacerbated ischemic brain injury in mice subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The augmentation of neurodeficits and brain infarction was accompanied by increased production of pro-inflammatory factors and brain infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes. Prior to brain ischemia, exposure to cigarette smoke induced mobilization of peripheral neutrophils, and monocytes. Furthermore, the detrimental effects of smoke priming on ischemic brain injury were abolished either by pharmacological inhibition of the recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes or by blockade of the NLRP3 inflammasome, an effector protein of neutrophils and monocytes. Our findings suggest that cigarette smoke-induced mobilization of peripheral neutrophils and monocytes augments ischemic brain injury.

• Authors: Handong Li, Xiuping Li, Siman Gao, Dan Wang, Xiaolin Gao, Yujing Li, Xuejiao Wang, Zhigang Cui, Hongshan Ma, Qiang Liu, Minshu Li
• Journal: Frontiers in immunology (Front Immunol) Vol. 10 Pg. 2576 ( 2019) ISSN: 1664-3224 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 31787973 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2019 Li, Li, Gao, Wang, Gao, Li, Wang, Cui, Ma, Liu and Li.

Chemical References

• NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
• Nlrp3 protein, mouse
• Smoke

Topics

• Animals
• Brain Ischemia (immunology, pathology, physiopathology)
• Inflammation (chemically induced)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Monocytes (drug effects)
• NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein (metabolism)
• Neutrophil Infiltration (drug effects)
• Neutrophils (drug effects)
• Smoke (adverse effects)
• Tobacco Products (adverse effects)