Poaceae Type II Galactinol Synthase 2 from Antarctic Flowering Plant Deschampsia antarctica and Rice Improves Cold and Drought Tolerance by Accumulation of Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides in Transgenic Rice Plants.

Abstract

Deschampsia antarctica is a Poaceae grass that has adapted to and colonized Antarctica. When D. antarctica plants were subjected to cold and dehydration stress both in the Antarctic field and in laboratory experiments, galactinol, a precursor of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) and raffinose were highly accumulated, which was accompanied by upregulation of galactinol synthase (GolS). The Poaceae monocots have a small family of GolS genes, which are divided into two distinct groups called types I and II. Type II GolSs are highly expanded in cold-adapted monocot plants. Transgenic rice plants, in which type II D. antarctica GolS2 (DaGolS2) and rice GolS2 (OsGolS2) were constitutively expressed, were markedly tolerant to cold and drought stress as compared to the wild-type rice plants. The RFO contents and GolS enzyme activities were higher in the DaGolS2- and OsGolS2-overexpressing progeny than in the wild-type plants under both normal and stress conditions. DaGolS2 and OsGolS2 overexpressors contained reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) relative to the wild-type plants after cold and drought treatments. Overall, these results suggest that Poaceae type II GolS2s play a conserved role in D. antarctica and rice in response to drought and cold stress by inducing the accumulation of RFO and decreasing ROS levels.

• Authors: Li Hua Cui, Mi Young Byun, Hyeong Geun Oh, Sung Jin Kim, Jungeun Lee, Hyun Park, Hyoungseok Lee, Woo Taek Kim
• Journal: Plant & cell physiology (Plant Cell Physiol) Vol. 61 Issue 1 Pg. 88-104 (Jan 01 2020) ISSN: 1471-9053 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 31513272 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: � The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: [email protected].

Chemical References

• Disaccharides
• Oligosaccharides
• Plant Proteins
• Thiobarbiturates
• Transcription Factors
• 6 beta-galactinol
• Malondialdehyde
• Galactosyltransferases
• inositol 1-alpha-galactosyltransferase
• thiobarbituric acid
• Raffinose

Topics

• Cold Temperature
• Disaccharides (analysis)
• Droughts
• Galactosyltransferases (genetics, metabolism)
• Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
• Magnoliopsida (genetics, metabolism)
• Malondialdehyde (metabolism)
• Oligosaccharides (analysis)
• Oryza (genetics, metabolism)
• Phylogeny
• Plant Leaves (chemistry)
• Plant Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
• Plants, Genetically Modified (genetics, metabolism)
• Poaceae (genetics, metabolism)
• Raffinose (analysis)
• Seeds (chemistry)
• Stress, Physiological (genetics)
• Thiobarbiturates (metabolism)
• Transcription Factors (genetics, metabolism)