Acute promyelocytic leukemia is frequently associated with
dizziness,
fever,
nausea,
hematochezia and
anemia. Blue light, or light with wavelengths of 400-480 nm, transmits high levels of energy. The aim of the present study was to determine the pro-apoptotic effects of blue light (wavelength, 456 nm; radiation power, 0.25 mW/cm2) and the underlying mechanisms in a human promyelocytic
leukemia cell line (HL60). Blue light reduced the viability and enhanced the mortality of HL60 cells in a time-dependent manner. Exposure to blue light for 24 h caused depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential and the overproduction of
reactive oxygen species in HL60 cells. In a nude mouse model, 9-day exposure to blue light markedly suppressed the growth of HL60-xenografted
tumors; however, it had no effect on hepatic and renal tissues. In addition, blue light abrogated the expression of
B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 and Bcl extra-long, while enhancing the levels of
Bcl-2-associated X protein,
cytochrome c, and cleaved caspases-3 and -9 in
tumor tissues. The results suggested that the pro-apoptotic effects of blue light in human promyelocytic
leukemia cells may be associated with the mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway.