Significance of PITX2 Promoter Methylation in Colorectal Carcinoma Prognosis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

New treatment modalities and a growing understanding of the complex genetic tumor landscape have improved the outcome of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Nonetheless, more individualized treatment regimens, taking individual tumor characteristics into account, have been recently postulated and prognostic biomarkers are needed. We therefore evaluated the prognostic potential of paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2 (PITX2) promoter methylation in CRC patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Data of 2 independent cohorts were investigated. Tissue specimens of cohort A (n = 179) were analyzed for their methylation in the PITX2 promoter region using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and compared with publicly available data (PITX2 promoter methylation and PITX2 mRNA expression levels) from "The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network" (cohort B, n = 443). Data were correlated with clinicopathological parameters and outcome.

RESULTS:

Tumor samples of both cohorts showed a decreased PITX2 promoter methylation level (both P < .001) compared with nonmalignant tissue. Additionally, PITX2 promoter hypomethylation was prognostic in univariate and multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 1.97 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12-3.47], P = .018 and HR, 1.89 [95% CI, 1.09-3.29], P = .023), and Kaplan-Meier analysis (median overall survival, 53.2 vs. 70.4 months, P = .004). Subanalysis of high-risk vs. low-risk stage II CRC patients also showed a PITX2 hypomethylation of the promoter region in the high-risk group (P = .006).

CONCLUSION:

Our results suggest a prognostic role of PITX2 promoter methylation in CRC as biomarker for risk stratification in stage II CRC patients although the results need to be independently validated.

• Authors: Alexander Semaan, Barbara Uhl, Vittorio Branchi, Philipp Lingohr, Friedrich Bootz, Glen Kristiansen, Jörg C Kalff, Hanno Matthaei, Dimitrios Pantelis, Dimo Dietrich
• Journal: Clinical colorectal cancer (Clin Colorectal Cancer) Vol. 17 Issue 2 Pg. e385-e393 (06 2018) ISSN: 1938-0674 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 29580650 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Biomarkers, Tumor
• Homeodomain Proteins
• Transcription Factors

Topics

• Adenocarcinoma (genetics, mortality, pathology)
• Adenoma (genetics, mortality, pathology)
• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Biomarkers, Tumor (analysis)
• Cell Transformation, Neoplastic (genetics)
• Cohort Studies
• Colorectal Neoplasms (genetics, mortality, pathology)
• DNA Methylation
• Female
• Homeodomain Proteins (genetics)
• Humans
• Kaplan-Meier Estimate
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Prognosis
• Promoter Regions, Genetic
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Transcription Factors (genetics)
• Homeobox Protein PITX2