Precision medicine in cow's milk allergy: proteomics perspectives from allergens to patients.

Abstract

Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most common food allergies, especially during childhood. CMA is an immunological mediated adverse reaction to one or more cow's milk proteins, which are normally harmless to a non-allergic individual, as the result of a failure of oral tolerance. To make a correct diagnosis of CMA and a proper treatment is critical in clinical practice. Application of proteomics along with new bio-informatics tools in the field of food allergy is one of the hot topics presented in recent years. In the present review, we focus on recent applications of proteomics to the field of cow's milk allergy, from allergens quantification to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Furthermore, we also shed a light on potential future directions and developments, that are parts of personalized medicine but also of the One Health approach.

SIGNIFICANCE:

The field of food allergies is becoming a milestone in public health. Food allergies, in fact, can cause life-threatening reactions and profoundly influence the quality of life. Precise, fast and reliable diagnosis of food allergies, and in particular milk allergies is essential to avoid severe allergic reactions and also to prevent dangerous and eventually unnecessary dietary restrictions; but this can be difficult also due to a complex interaction of genetic background, environment, and microbiota. In this sense, proteomics represents steps toward researching food and milk allergy integrated with the clinic to improve pathophysiology, diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis.

• Authors: Enza D'Auria, Chiara Mameli, Cristian Piras, Lucia Cococcioni, Andrea Urbani, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Paola Roncada
• Journal: Journal of proteomics (J Proteomics) Vol. 188 Pg. 173-180 (09 30 2018) ISSN: 1876-7737 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 29408543 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Allergens
• Milk Proteins

Topics

• Allergens (analysis)
• Animals
• Cattle
• Food Hypersensitivity (immunology)
• Humans
• Milk Hypersensitivity (diagnosis, immunology, therapy)
• Milk Proteins (analysis, immunology)
• Precision Medicine (methods)
• Proteomics (methods)