Abstract | BACKGROUND: METHODS:
CRAMP-knock out and wildtype glial cells were exposed to bacterial supernatants from Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitides or the bacterial cell wall components lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. Cell viability, expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators and activation of signal transduction pathways, phagocytosis rate and glial cell phenotype were investigated by means of cell viability assays, immunohistochemistry, real-time RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS:
CRAMP-deficiency was associated with stronger expression of pro-inflammatory and weakened expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines indicating a higher degree of glial cell activation even under resting-state conditions. Furthermore, increased translocation of nuclear factor 'kappa-light-chain-enhancer' of activated B-cells was observed and phagocytosis of S. pneumoniae was reduced in CRAMP-deficient microglia indicating impaired antimicrobial activity. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the present study detected severe alterations of the glial immune response due to lack of CRAMP. The results indicate the importance of CRAMP to maintain and regulate the delicate balance between beneficial and harmful immune response in the brain.
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Authors | Eugenia Kress, Julika Merres, Lea-Jessica Albrecht, Sven Hammerschmidt, Thomas Pufe, Simone C Tauber, Lars-Ove Brandenburg |
Journal | Cell communication and signaling : CCS
(Cell Commun Signal)
Vol. 15
Issue 1
Pg. 32
(09 16 2017)
ISSN: 1478-811X [Electronic] England |
PMID | 28915816
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
- Cathelicidins
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Topics |
- Animals
- Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
- Cathelicidins
(deficiency, genetics, metabolism)
- Cells, Cultured
- Mice
- Microglia
(metabolism, microbiology)
- Neisseria meningitidis
(pathogenicity)
- Phagocytosis
- Phenotype
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
(pathogenicity)
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