Abstract | AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to 15 February 2017 to identify eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that report cancer events in individuals with type 2 diabetes treated with SGLT2 inhibitors for at least 24 weeks. We performed pairwise and network meta-analyses as well as a cumulative meta-analysis to calculate ORs and 95% CIs. RESULTS: In total, 580 incidences of cancer among 34,569 individuals were identified from 46 independent RCTs with a mean trial duration of 61 weeks. When compared with comparators (placebo or other active glucose-lowering treatments), SGLT2 inhibitors were not significantly associated with an increased risk of overall cancer (OR 1.14 [95% CI 0.96, 1.36]). For pre-specified cancer types, the risk of bladder cancer might be increased with SGLT2 inhibitors (OR 3.87 [95% CI 1.48, 10.08]), especially empagliflozin (OR 4.49 [95% CI 1.21, 16.73]). Interestingly, canagliflozin might be protective against gastrointestinal cancers (OR 0.15 [95% CI 0.04, 0.60]). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Current evidence from short-term RCTs did not indicate a significantly increased risk of overall cancer among individuals with type 2 diabetes using SGLT2 inhibitors. Given the short-term trial durations and uncertainty of evidence, future long-term prospective studies and post-marketing surveillance studies are warranted.
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Authors | Huilin Tang, Qi Dai, Weilong Shi, Suodi Zhai, Yiqing Song, Jiali Han |
Journal | Diabetologia
(Diabetologia)
Vol. 60
Issue 10
Pg. 1862-1872
(10 2017)
ISSN: 1432-0428 [Electronic] Germany |
PMID | 28725912
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Review, Systematic Review)
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Chemical References |
- Benzhydryl Compounds
- Glucosides
- Hypoglycemic Agents
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
- Canagliflozin
- empagliflozin
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Topics |
- Benzhydryl Compounds
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Canagliflozin
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
(drug therapy)
- Glucosides
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Neoplasms
(etiology)
- Risk Factors
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
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