Optimization of Morpholino Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting the Intronic Repressor Element1 in Spinal Muscular Atrophy.

Abstract

Loss of Survival Motor Neuron-1 (SMN1) causes Spinal Muscular Atrophy, a devastating neurodegenerative disease. SMN2 is a nearly identical copy gene; however SMN2 cannot prevent disease development in the absence of SMN1 since the majority of SMN2-derived transcripts are alternatively spliced, encoding a truncated, unstable protein lacking exon 7. Nevertheless, SMN2 retains the ability to produce low levels of functional protein. Previously we have described a splice-switching Morpholino antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) sequence that targets a potent intronic repressor, Element1 (E1), located upstream of SMN2 exon 7. In this study, we have assessed a novel panel of Morpholino ASOs with the goal of optimizing E1 ASO activity. Screening for efficacy in the SMNΔ7 mouse model, a single ASO variant was more active in vivo compared with the original E1(MO)-ASO. Sequence variant eleven (E1(MOv11)) consistently showed greater efficacy by increasing the lifespan of severe Spinal Muscular Atrophy mice after a single intracerebroventricular injection in the central nervous system, exhibited a strong dose-response across an order of magnitude, and demonstrated excellent target engagement by partially reversing the pathogenic SMN2 splicing event. We conclude that Morpholino modified ASOs are effective in modifying SMN2 splicing and have the potential for future Spinal Muscular Atrophy clinical applications.

• Authors: Erkan Y Osman, Charles W Washington 3rd, Kevin A Kaifer, Chiara Mazzasette, Teresa N Patitucci, Kyra M Florea, Madeline E Simon, Chien-Ping Ko, Allison D Ebert, Christian L Lorson
• Journal: Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy (Mol Ther) Vol. 24 Issue 9 Pg. 1592-601 (09 2016) ISSN: 1525-0024 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 27401142 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Morpholinos
• RNA, Messenger
• Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein

Topics

• Animals
• Disease Models, Animal
• Gene Expression Regulation
• Gene Targeting
• Humans
• Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (cytology, metabolism)
• Introns
• Mice
• Mice, Knockout
• Morpholinos (genetics)
• Muscular Atrophy, Spinal (genetics, metabolism, mortality)
• Mutation
• Prognosis
• RNA, Messenger (genetics, metabolism)
• Response Elements
• Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein (genetics, metabolism)
• Transcription, Genetic