Serum palmitoleate acts as a lipokine in subjects at high cardiometabolic risk.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM:

Clinical data on the role as a lipokine of de novo lipogenesis-derived palmitoleic acid (C16:1n-7cis) in serum non-esterified fatty acids (palmitoleate) are scarce. We aimed to assess whether palmitoleate relates to cardiometabolic risk.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

In this cross-sectional study we included 358 individuals aged 30-65-years at high cardiovascular risk. We tested the association of palmitoleate (determined by gas chromatography) with metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components (defined by ATPIII criteria), fatty liver index (a surrogate of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]), and subclinical atherosclerosis (determined as ultrasound-measured carotid intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness). Palmitoleate concentration was higher in women compared with men (median ± range interquartile, 1.36 ± 0.96 vs. 0.97 ± 0.77 μmol/L respectively, P < 0.001). In both genders palmitoleate concentration was associated with a higher prevalence of MS: men, odds ratio [OR: 1.12 (95%CI: 1.03; 1.23, P = 0.010)]; women [OR: 1.07 (95%CI: 1.03; 1.13, P = 0.005)], and all of its components except low HDL-cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia. Palmitoleate was also associated with increased risk of NAFLD in both men [OR: 1.12 (95%CI: 1.03; 1.29, P = 0.031)] and women [OR: 1.11 (95%CI: 1.05; 1.19, P = 0.001)]. No associations with subclinical atherosclerosis were detected.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our observational data supports a relationship between de novo lipogenesis-derived circulating palmitoleic acid (palmitoleate) and increased cardiometabolic risk.

• Authors: J Merino, A Sala-Vila, N Plana, J Girona, J C Vallve, D Ibarretxe, E Ros, R Ferré, M Heras, L Masana
• Journal: Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD (Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis) Vol. 26 Issue 3 Pg. 261-7 (Mar 2016) ISSN: 1590-3729 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 26817937 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2016 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Adiponectin
• CETP protein, human
• Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins
• FABP4 protein, human
• Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins
• Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated
• Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
• Insulin
• RBP4 protein, human
• Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma
• palmitoleic acid
• C-Reactive Protein
• Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase

Topics

• Adiponectin (blood)
• Adipose Tissue (metabolism)
• Adult
• Aged
• Body Mass Index
• C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)
• Cardiovascular Diseases (blood)
• Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
• Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins (blood)
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins (metabolism)
• Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated (blood)
• Fatty Acids, Nonesterified (blood)
• Female
• Humans
• Insulin (blood)
• Lipogenesis (physiology)
• Male
• Metabolic Syndrome (blood)
• Middle Aged
• Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (blood)
• Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase (blood)
• Prevalence
• Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma (metabolism)
• Risk Factors
• Waist Circumference