Cediranib in ovarian cancer: state of the art and future perspectives.

Abstract

Despite the dramatic improvements achieved in cancer treatment through a better understanding of the tumor biology, ovarian cancer is still characterized by a poor prognosis: most patients diagnosed with this disease will ultimately die from it. In various clinical trials conducted over a time span of two decades, new combinations of conventional chemotherapy regimens have failed to achieve significant improvements in oncologic outcome in ovarian cancer patients. We have now entered an era of "personalized medicine" in which new medications are designed to specifically target molecular pathways involved in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Encouraging results in different tumor types have been reported, applying an increasing number of target therapies that are still under evaluation. In this setting, one of the most successfully targeted molecular pathways is tumor angiogenesis. Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody binding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), has been recently incorporated in the treatment of primary and recurrent ovarian cancer patients after multiple phase III randomized controlled trials have proven its clinical benefit. Based on these positive results, more anti-angiogenic molecules using different mechanisms of action have been developed and are currently under investigation. Among these molecules, the tyrosine kinases inhibitors are probably the most promising ones. Cediranib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting VEGF receptors that has been tested in various trials with promising results. The aim of this manuscript is to review the current role of cediranib in the treatment of ovarian cancer and to present an overview of the ongoing clinical trials in this setting.

• Authors: Ilary Ruscito, Maria Luisa Gasparri, Claudia Marchetti, Caterina De Medici, Carlotta Bracchi, Innocenza Palaia, Sara Imboden, Michael D Mueller, Andrea Papadia, Ludovico Muzii, Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
• Journal: Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine (Tumour Biol) Vol. 37 Issue 3 Pg. 2833-9 (Mar 2016) ISSN: 1423-0380 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 26753963 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents
• Protein Kinase Inhibitors
• Quinazolines
• Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
• cediranib

Topics

• Antineoplastic Agents (therapeutic use)
• Clinical Trials as Topic
• Female
• Humans
• Neovascularization, Pathologic (drug therapy)
• Ovarian Neoplasms (blood supply, drug therapy)
• Protein Kinase Inhibitors (therapeutic use)
• Quinazolines (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (antagonists & inhibitors)