Caffeine Intake, Coffee Consumption, and Risk of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Caffeine has been shown to prevent ultraviolet radiation-induced carcinogenesis and to inhibit growth of melanoma cells in experimental studies. We evaluated the association among caffeine intake, coffee consumption, and melanoma risk among three large cohort studies.

METHODS:

The analysis used data from 89,220 women in the Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2009), 74,666 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1980-2008), and 39,424 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2008). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of melanoma associated with dietary intakes.

RESULTS:

We documented 2,254 melanoma cases over 4 million person-years of follow-up. After adjustment for other risk factors, higher total caffeine intake was associated with a lower risk of melanoma (≥393 mg/day vs. <60 mg/day: HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.64, 0.96; Ptrend = 0.048). The association was more apparent in women (≥393 mg/day vs. <60 mg/day: HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.58, 0.85; Ptrend = 0.001) than in men (HR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.75, 1.2; Ptrend = 0.81), and more apparent for melanomas occurring on body sites with higher continuous sun exposure (head, neck, and extremities; ≥393 mg/day vs. <60 mg/day: HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.59, 0.86; Ptrend = 0.001) than for melanomas occurring on body sites with lower continuous sun exposure (trunk including shoulder, back, hip, abdomen, and chest; HR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.70, 1.2; Ptrend = 0.60). This pattern of association was similar to that for caffeinated coffee consumption, whereas no association was found for decaffeinated coffee consumption and melanoma risk.

CONCLUSIONS:

Increasing caffeine intake and caffeinated coffee consumption is associated with decreased risk of cutaneous malignant melanomas.

• Authors: Shaowei Wu, Jiali Han, Fengju Song, Eunyoung Cho, Xiang Gao, David J Hunter, Abrar A Qureshi
• Journal: Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) (Epidemiology) Vol. 26 Issue 6 Pg. 898-908 (Nov 2015) ISSN: 1531-5487 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26172864 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)

Chemical References

• Coffee
• Caffeine

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Caffeine
• Coffee
• Cohort Studies
• Diet (statistics & numerical data)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Male
• Melanoma (epidemiology)
• Middle Aged
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Prospective Studies
• Skin Neoplasms (epidemiology)
• United States (epidemiology)