Second-line chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract cancer after failure of the gemcitabine-platinum combination: A large multicenter study by the Association des Gastro-Entérologues Oncologues.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Few data are available on second-line chemotherapy (CT2) for advanced biliary tract cancer (ABTC). The aim of this multicenter study was to describe the CT2 regimens used, the response rates, and the outcomes of patients treated with various CT2 regimens.

METHODS:

Patients who received CT2 for ABTC at 17 French institutions after the failure of the gemcitabine-platinum combination were retrospectively studied. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox models were used for multivariate analyses.

RESULTS:

Among 603 patients who received first-line chemotherapy (CT1) for ABTC, 196 received CT2: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and irinotecan (n = 64), 5-FU and oxaliplatin (n = 21), 5-FU and cisplatin (n = 38), 5-FU or capecitabine (n = 40), sunitinib (n = 10), or other various regimens (n = 23). Among the 186 assessable patients, there were 22 partial responses and 70 stabilizations. After a median follow-up of 26.4 months, the median PFS and OS were 3.2 and 6.7 months, respectively. There was no significant difference in PFS or OS between CT2 regimens. Fluoropyrimidine-based doublet chemotherapy was not superior to fluoropyrimidine alone in terms of OS and PFS. In a multivariate analysis, a performance status of 0 to 1, disease control with CT1, and a carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) level ≤ 400 IU/mL were significantly associated with longer PFS and OS. Grade 3 to 4 toxicity occurred in 32% of the patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

CT2 might provide disease control for selected patients with ABTC after the failure of gemcitabine-platinum, but the prognosis remains poor. No particular regimen seems superior to others, and this calls for new treatments. A good performance status, disease control with CT1, and a low level of CA 19-9 were associated with longer survival.

• Authors: Bertrand Brieau, Laetitia Dahan, Yann De Rycke, Tarek Boussaha, Philippe Vasseur, David Tougeron, Thierry Lecomte, Romain Coriat, Jean-Baptiste Bachet, Pierre Claudez, Aziz Zaanan, Pauline Soibinet, Jérome Desrame, Anne Thirot-Bidault, Isabelle Trouilloud, Florence Mary, Lysiane Marthey, Julien Taieb, Wulfran Cacheux, Astrid Lièvre
• Journal: Cancer (Cancer) Vol. 121 Issue 18 Pg. 3290-7 (Sep 15 2015) ISSN: 1097-0142 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26052689 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Multicenter Study)
• Copyright: © 2015 American Cancer Society.

Chemical References

• Organoplatinum Compounds
• Oxaliplatin
• Deoxycytidine
• Cisplatin
• Gemcitabine

Topics

• Aged
• Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols (therapeutic use)
• Biliary Tract Neoplasms (drug therapy, mortality)
• Cisplatin (administration & dosage)
• Deoxycytidine (administration & dosage, analogs & derivatives)
• Disease-Free Survival
• Female
• Humans
• Kaplan-Meier Estimate
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Organoplatinum Compounds (administration & dosage)
• Oxaliplatin
• Prognosis
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Salvage Therapy (methods)
• Treatment Outcome
• Gemcitabine