Vitamin D levels and obstructive sleep apnoea in children.

Abstract

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common health problem in children. African American (AA) and obese children have higher prevalence of OSA, and are also at a higher risk of reduced vitamin D levels. We hypothesised that OSA would be associated with lower levels of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and increase in the risk of metabolic dysfunction and systemic inflammation.

METHODS:

In this observational cross-sectional study, 176 prospectively recruited children (mean age: 6.8±0.8 years) underwent overnight polysomnographic evaluation and a fasting blood draw the morning after the sleep study. In addition to lipid profile, homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) assays and plasma 25(OH)D levels were assessed using ELISA kits.

RESULTS:

AA children, obese children and children with OSA had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels. Linear associations emerged between 25(OH)D plasma levels and body mass index (BMI) z-score, hsCRP and HOMA-IR, as well as with apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) nadir, the latter two associations remaining statistically significant even when controlling for all other potential confounders, and independently accounting for 17.7% of the variance in 25(OH)D (p<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS:

25(OH)D levels are reduced in paediatric OSA, in AA children and in obese children, particularly when all are present, and may play a role in modulating the degree of insulin resistance and systemic inflammation. The short-term and long-term significance of reduced 25(OH)D in paediatric OSA remains undefined.

• Authors: Leila Kheirandish-Gozal, Eduard Peris, David Gozal
• Journal: Sleep medicine (Sleep Med) Vol. 15 Issue 4 Pg. 459-63 (Apr 2014) ISSN: 1878-5506 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 24684979 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Observational Study, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Lipids
• Vitamin D
• C-Reactive Protein
• 25-hydroxyvitamin D

Topics

• Black or African American (statistics & numerical data)
• Body Mass Index
• C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)
• Chicago
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Female
• Humans
• Insulin Resistance (physiology)
• Lipids (blood)
• Male
• Obesity (blood, diagnosis, epidemiology, ethnology)
• Polysomnography
• Risk Factors
• Sleep Apnea, Obstructive (blood, diagnosis, epidemiology, ethnology)
• Statistics as Topic
• Vitamin D (analogs & derivatives, blood)
• Vitamin D Deficiency (blood, diagnosis, epidemiology, ethnology)
• White People (statistics & numerical data)