Oldhamianoside II is a new
triterpenoid saponin that was isolated from the roots of Gypsophila oldhamiana. The present study aims to investigate the potential inhibitory activity of
oldhamianoside II on
tumor growth using an S180
tumor implantation mouse model.
Oldhamianoside II at doses of 5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg was given with
intraperitoneal injection for 10 days following subcutaneous inoculation of S180
tumor cells in anterior flank of mice. The
tumor growth, the cell apoptosis, the microvessel density (MVD) in S180
tumors, the
tumor cell viability, the tubular formation in vitro, and migration of
tumor cells were examined. The expression of
vascular endothelial growth factor (
VEGF),
basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and
cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was determined to analyze the associated mechanisms. The results showed that
oldhamianoside II potently inhibited
tumor cell viability in vitro. In addition,
oldhamianoside II delayed
tumor growth in anterior flank, induced S180 cell apoptosis, and reduced the MVD.
Oldhamianoside II was also demonstrated to decrease the number of tubular structure and vessel formation in HUVEC cultures and chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, respectively. Further study indicated that
oldhamianoside II reduced the expression of
VEGF, bFGF, and COX-2 in
tumor sections. Moreover,
oldhamianoside II inhibited the activity of migration and penetration to
Matrigel of SGC7901
tumor cells in scratch
wound and transwell chamber. In conclusion, our work defines
oldhamianoside II, a new
triterpenoid saponin, as a novel compound that can effectively inhibit S180
tumor growth, induce
tumor cell apoptosis, prevent
tumor angiogenesis, and inhibit
cancer cell migration, suggesting that
oldhamianoside II is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of
cancer and for the prevention of
metastasis.