Shift of high-density lipoprotein size distribution toward large particles in patients with proteinuria.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The potential atheroprotective role of the different HDL subclasses may depend on the metabolic factors that affect their plasma concentrations. The kidney is supposed to be one of the main catabolic sites for these lipoproteins. However, little is known about the impact of proteinuria on HDL size distribution and HDL structure. The aim of this study is to establish the influence of proteinuria on HDL size distribution and cholesterol plasma concentration of HDL subclasses.

METHODS:

Forty patients within a range of proteinuria from 0.2 to 10.0 g/g estimated by the urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. HDL subclasses were separated by sequential ultracentrifugation followed by a polyacrylamide gradient electrophoresis; gels were stained enzymatically for cholesterol and with Coomasie blue for proteins. HDL size distribution and plasma concentration of the five HDL subclasses were calculated by optical densitometry.

RESULTS:

When determined by protein, large HDL2b and HDL2a relative proportions were higher in patients than in control subjects, whereas the contrary was observed for small HDL3b and 3c. Consistently, HDL3a, 3b, and 3c were negatively correlated with proteinuria when data were adjusted by age, gender, body mass index, and blood pressure. Size distribution followed a different pattern when determined by cholesterol, suggesting an abnormal lipid composition that was further supported by a protein-to-cholesterol ratio significantly higher in most of the HDL subclasses in proteinuric patients than in the control group. Moreover, proteinuria statistically explains the HDL2b and HDL3c cholesterol plasma concentrations.

CONCLUSIONS:

Proteinuria is associated with a shift of HDL size distribution towards large particles and cholesterol-poor HDL subclasses. These results support the idea of a selective loss by the kidney of small HDL in patients with proteinuria; whether these abnormalities reflect an impaired reverse cholesterol transport and an increased risk of coronary heart disease remains to be elucidated.

• Authors: Ernesto Soto-Miranda, Elizabeth Carreón-Torres, Karina Lorenzo, Berenice Bazán-Salinas, Cynthia García-Sánchez, Martha Franco, Carlos Posadas-Romero, José-Manuel Fragoso, Victoria López-Olmos, Magdalena Madero, José-Manuel Rodriguez-Pérez, Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón, Oscar Pérez-Méndez
• Journal: Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry (Clin Chim Acta) Vol. 414 Pg. 241-5 (Dec 24 2012) ISSN: 1873-3492 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 23041214 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Lipoproteins, HDL
• Cholesterol
• Creatinine

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Cholesterol (blood)
• Creatinine (blood, urine)
• Humans
• Lipoproteins, HDL (blood, chemistry, isolation & purification)
• Middle Aged
• Particle Size
• Proteinuria (blood)
• Renal Insufficiency, Chronic (blood)
• Software
• Young Adult