Abstract | OBJECTIVES: A few clinical observations reported that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) have poor oral health compared to children without ADHD. However, evidence is not conclusive. We assess the association between hyperactivity/inattention and oral health in a population-based study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: As part of the ongoing birth cohort studies German Infant Nutritional Intervention-plus (GINIplus) and Influences of lifestyle-related factors on the immune system and the development of allergies in childhood-plus (LISAplus), 1,126 children at age 10 years (±10.2) from Munich (Germany) were included in the present analysis. During the dental examination, oral hygiene, non-cavitated and cavitated caries lesions, dental trauma, and enamel hypomineralization (EH) in the permanent dentition (MIH/1) were recorded. Children with a Molar-Incisor-Hypomineralization were subcategorized into those with EH on at least one first permanent molar (MIH/1A), and on at least one first permanent molar and permanent incisor (MIH/1B). Data on children's hyperactivity/inattention symptoms were collected by parent-reported Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Logistic regressions and zero-inflated Poisson regression models were applied adjusted for gender, parental education, parental income, and methylphenidate or atomoxetine medication. RESULTS: Logistic regressions showed that non-cavitated caries lesions were positively related with the presence of hyperactivity/inattention (ORadj = 1.51,CI95% = 1.08-2.11). When adjusted for parental background, an association showed between hyperactivity/inattention symptoms and MIH/1A but did not reach statistical significance (ORadj = 1.59,CI95% = 1.00-2.53). CONCLUSIONS: Children with borderline and abnormal values of hyperactivity/inattention symptoms showed more non-cavitated caries lesions. Severe levels of hyperactivity/inattention may contribute to a higher risk for MIH/1A in school age. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Adequate dental preventive care for children with hyperactivity/inattention, especially from a low social background, is of importance for optimal caries prevention.
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Authors | Gabriele Kohlboeck, Daniela Heitmueller, Claudia Neumann, Carla Tiesler, Joachim Heinrich, Roswitha Heinrich-Weltzien, Reinhard Hickel, Sibylle Koletzko, Olf Herbarth, Jan Kühnisch, GINIplus Study Group, LISAplus Study Group |
Journal | Clinical oral investigations
(Clin Oral Investig)
Vol. 17
Issue 5
Pg. 1329-38
(Jun 2013)
ISSN: 1436-3771 [Electronic] Germany |
PMID | 22927131
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Propylamines
- Methylphenidate
- Atomoxetine Hydrochloride
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Topics |
- Atomoxetine Hydrochloride
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
(drug therapy, etiology)
- Child
- Cohort Studies
- DMF Index
- Dental Caries
(complications)
- Dental Enamel Hypoplasia
(complications)
- Dentition, Permanent
- Female
- Germany
- Health Surveys
- Humans
- Logistic Models
- Male
- Methylphenidate
(therapeutic use)
- Oral Health
- Oral Hygiene
- Parents
- Propylamines
(therapeutic use)
- Social Class
- Surveys and Questionnaires
- Tooth Injuries
(complications)
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