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Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

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A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of attention-deficit disorders in children and for narcolepsy. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.

Also Known As:

Ritalin; Metadate; Methylin; Ritalin-SR; Celltech Brand of Methylphenidate Hydrochloride; Centedrin; Cephalon Brand of Methylphenidate Hydrochloride; Daytrana; Dexmethylphenidate; Dexmethylphenidate Hydrochloride; Equasym; Focalin; Mallinckrodt Brand of Methylphenidate Hydrochloride; Methylphenidate Hydrochloride; Novartis Brand 1 of Methylphenidate Hydrochloride; Novartis Brand 2 of Methylphenidate Hydrochloride; Novartis Pharmaceutical Brand of Dexmethylphenidate Hydrochloride; Phenidylate; Ritaline; Tsentedrin; Hydrochloride, Dexmethylphenidate; Hydrochloride, Methylphenidate; Ritalin SR; 2-Piperidineacetic acid, alpha-phenyl-, methyl ester

Networked: 2376 relevant articles (277 outcomes, 515 trials/studies)

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Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Biederman, Joseph: 26 articles (07/2014 - 06/2002)
2.	Swanson, James M: 20 articles (11/2012 - 03/2002)
3.	Quevedo, João: 19 articles (10/2015 - 03/2006)
4.	Volkow, Nora D: 18 articles (03/2014 - 03/2002)
5.	Wigal, Sharon B: 17 articles (04/2015 - 01/2004)
6.	Faraone, Stephen V: 16 articles (02/2015 - 06/2002)
7.	Findling, Robert L: 15 articles (03/2015 - 03/2002)
8.	Coghill, David: 15 articles (01/2015 - 01/2004)
9.	Cho, Soo-Churl: 15 articles (07/2014 - 06/2007)
10.	Muniz, Rafael: 15 articles (07/2013 - 01/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) 10/15/2014 - "Psychostimulant medication, most commonly the catecholamine agonist methylphenidate, is the most effective treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). " 05/01/2013 - "Low doses of psychostimulants, including methylphenidate (MPH), are highly effective in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). " 01/01/2012 - "Finally, on a dosage of 378 mg extended-release methylphenidate (Concerta®), his symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder have improved dramatically and no further use of methylphenidate has been recorded during the 24 months preceding this report. " 04/15/2009 - "Reversal learning performance was also predicted by subjects' trait impulsivity, such that the most impulsive individuals benefited more from methylphenidate, consistent with this drug's beneficial effects on cognition in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder." 12/01/2006 - "Methylphenidate (MPH) and other psychostimulants are highly effective in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). "
2.	Fatigue 08/01/2013 - "Previous studies have noted that the addition of a psychostimulant such as methylphenidate to the therapeutic regimen of patients with TRD or those depressed patients with comorbid fatigue, advanced age, or a major medical illness showed significant improvement within two weeks. " 09/01/2011 - "Research on fatigue has focused on its epidemiology with only a single report of a beneficial treatment trial, which used methylphenidate. " 11/01/2015 - "The within-group analysis showed a significant improvement in fatigue scores in the methylphenidate arm (P = 0.008) but not in the placebo arm (P = 0.82). " 05/01/2014 - "Overall, no significant improvement in fatigue level was observed after methylphenidate, though benefits were shown in subgroups with age ≤ 65 and higher baseline BFI-C values. " 11/01/2010 - "A significantly greater number of subjects in the methylphenidate group versus the placebo group demonstrated clinically significant improvement in fatigue on total Brief Fatigue Inventory scores (7 of 10 vs 3 of 13) and Brief Fatigue Inventory severity scores (8 of 10 vs 3 of 13). "
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 11/01/2001 - "Methylphenidate is effective for depression in advanced cancer A starting dose of 10 mg in divided doses is effective in most patients. " 01/01/2006 - "Several small pilot and a few adequately powered studies have assessed the safety and efficacy of methylphenidate in patients with cancer Overall, the studies so far suggest that methylphenidate is well-tolerated in patients with cancer Further, the studies have provided initial evidence of efficacy of this agent in patients with cancer The present article reviews the evidence base behind the use of methylphenidate in these patients." 12/01/2004 - "Short-term efficacy of methylphenidate: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among survivors of childhood cancer." 12/01/2012 - "To explore the efficacy of methylphenidate compared with placebo in the relief of depressive symptoms in advanced cancer patients. " 12/01/2012 - "Multicentre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial on the efficacy of methylphenidate on depressive symptoms in advanced cancer patients."
4.	Epilepsy (Aura) 02/01/2012 - "On a behavioral level, we show that boys with epilepsy-related ADHD as well as those with developmental ADHD performed similarly poorly on tasks with high cognitive load when compared to healthy controls, and that intake of methylphenidate improved performance almost to normal levels in both ADHD groups. " 05/01/2015 - "These preliminary data suggest that methylphenidate treatment is safe and effective in patients with ADHD and difficult-to-treat epilepsies, positively impacting on quality-of-life scores." 07/01/2013 - "These data are among the first showing that low doses of methylphenidate are safe and effective to treat ADHD symptoms in patients with difficult-to-treat epilepsies. " 05/01/2015 - "Our aim was to study the effect of methylphenidate on the quality of life of children and adolescents with difficult-to-treat epilepsies and comorbid ADHD. " 02/01/2015 - "This study investigated whether interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) on a baseline routine EEG in children with ADHD was associated with the occurrence of epileptic seizures (Sz) or influenced the use of methylphenidate (MPH) during 2 years follow-up. "
5.	Seizures (Seizure) 07/01/2014 - "Methylphenidate treatment and higher cognitive level were associated with improved treatment outcome, while seizure freedom had no clear effect. " 02/01/2003 - "The side effects of methylphenidate were mild and transient Methylphenidate is safe and effective in children with ADHD and concomitant active seizures or EEG abnormalities." 02/01/2003 - "The safety and efficacy of treatment with antiepilepsy drugs combined with methylphenidate were determined by assessing seizure frequency, changes in ADHD symptoms, the Conners' Rating Scales, EEG differences, and side effects. " 07/01/2011 - "Apart from an increase in risk of seizures and need for caution in use of stimulants, studies show that epileptiform discharges in the electroencephalogram are linked to a better response of attention deficit to methylphenidate and a higher cognitive performance. " 07/01/2011 - "Efficacy and safety of methylphenidate in treating ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents with uncontrolled seizures: a Brazilian sample study and literature review."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
2.	atomoxetine (Strattera)
3.	Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)
4.	modafinil (armodafinil)
5.	Amphetamine (Amfetamine)
6.	Dopamine (Intropin)
7.	Pemoline (Cylert)
8.	Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline)
9.	Clonidine (ST 155)
10.	Adderall

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Palliative Care (Palliative Medicine)
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
4.	Chinese Traditional Medicine (Traditional Chinese Medicine)
5.	Inappropriate Prescribing