Abstract | OBJECTIVE: METHODS: Combining two Swedish case-control studies yielded 1735 CHD cases and 4654 population controls (3747 men, 2642 women). Self-reported questionnaire lifestyle data included smoking (ever [current or former regular] or never) and physical inactivity (mainly sitting leisure time). We obtained LDL cholesterol levels and APOE genotypes. CHD risk was modelled using logistic regression to obtain odds ratios ( ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for relevant covariates. RESULTS: Smoking interacted with APOE on CHD risk; adjusted ORs for ever versus never smoking were 1.45 (95% CI 1.00-2.10) in ɛ2 carriers, 2.25 (95% CI 1.90-2.68) in ɛ3 homozygotes and 2.37 (95% CI 1.85-3.04) in ɛ4 carriers. Female ɛ4 carriers had OR 3.62 (95% CI 2.32-5.63). The adjusted ORs for physical inactivity were 1.09 (95% CI 0.73-1.61), 1.34 (95% CI 1.12-1.61), and 1.79 (95% CI 1.38-2.30) in ɛ2, ɛ3ɛ3 and ɛ4 groups, respectively. No interaction was seen between overweight and APOE for CHD risk, or between any lifestyle factor and APOE for LDL cholesterol levels. CONCLUSION: The APOE ɛ2 allele counteracted CHD risk from smoking in both genders, while the ɛ4 allele was seen to potentiate this risk mainly in women. Similar ɛ2 protection and ɛ4 potentiation was suggested for CHD risk from physical inactivity.
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Authors | Jaana Gustavsson, Kirsten Mehlig, Karin Leander, Elisabeth Strandhagen, Lena Björck, Dag S Thelle, Lauren Lissner, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Fredrik Nyberg |
Journal | Atherosclerosis
(Atherosclerosis)
Vol. 220
Issue 2
Pg. 486-92
(Feb 2012)
ISSN: 1879-1484 [Electronic] Ireland |
PMID | 22071360
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Adult
- Aged
- Apolipoproteins E
(genetics)
- Case-Control Studies
- Chi-Square Distribution
- Coronary Disease
(epidemiology, genetics, prevention & control)
- Female
- Gene Frequency
- Gene-Environment Interaction
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Linear Models
- Logistic Models
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Odds Ratio
- Overweight
(epidemiology)
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Factors
- Sedentary Behavior
- Sex Factors
- Smoking
(adverse effects, epidemiology)
- Surveys and Questionnaires
- Sweden
(epidemiology)
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