Serum ratio of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 to creatinine is a useful marker of infectious complications in myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated renal vasculitis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The contribution of infections to the mortality of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis patients is important and should induce early and careful control of these events. However, the differentiation of infection from active vasculitis is often difficult. The usefulness of serum-soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) for detecting the presence of infectious complications regardless of disease activity was investigated.

METHODS:

Soluble TREM-1 in serum obtained from 41 patients with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA-associated vasculitis was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Twenty-nine samples were from active vasculitis patients, 27 samples from inactive vasculitis patients without infection and 17 samples from inactive vasculitis patients with infectious complications. Serum-soluble TREM-1 was also measured in 10 patients with acute pyelonephritis and 30 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

RESULTS:

There was a significant correlation between serum levels of soluble TREM-1 and serum creatinine levels among all patients (r = 0.554, P < 0.0001). The serum-soluble TREM-1/creatinine ratio was higher in inactive vasculitis patients with infectious complications than in active vasculitis, inactive vasculitis without infection and CKD patients (P = 0.0005, P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively), but not significantly different to that in acute pyelonephritis patients. On receiver-operating-characteristic curve analysis, a lower-limit value of 9.40 ng/mg for this ratio had a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 90.8% in differentiating patients with infection from those without infection.

CONCLUSIONS:

The serum ratio of soluble TREM-1 to creatinine may be a useful marker for detection of infectious complications in MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis.

• Authors: Kouichi Hirayama, Miho Nagai, Itaru Ebihara, Homare Shimohata, Masaki Kobayashi, Akio Koyama
• Journal: Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association (Nephrol Dial Transplant) Vol. 26 Issue 3 Pg. 868-74 (Mar 2011) ISSN: 1460-2385 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 20709741 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers
• Membrane Glycoproteins
• Receptors, Immunologic
• TREM1 protein, human
• Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1
• Creatinine
• Peroxidase

Topics

• Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis (complications, diagnosis, microbiology)
• Bacterial Infections (blood, diagnosis, microbiology)
• Biomarkers (blood)
• Chronic Disease
• Creatinine (blood)
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
• Humans
• Kidney Diseases (blood)
• Kidney Failure, Chronic
• Membrane Glycoproteins (blood)
• Peroxidase (immunology)
• ROC Curve
• Receptors, Immunologic (blood)
• Sensitivity and Specificity
• Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1