Imbalance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and adiponectin predisposes Kawasaki disease patients to developing atherosclerosis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

It remains controversial whether Kawasaki disease (KD) is a risk factor for the onset of atherosclerosis. An imbalance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and adiponectin appears to play a role in the onset of atherosclerosis in adults, and we therefore examined PPARγ mRNA expression and adiponectin profiles in the peripheral white blood cells obtained from KD patients.

METHODS:

A total of 50 subjects were studied: nine patients with acute KD, 20 patients with convalescent KD, and 21 age-matched controls. The gene expression of PPARγ, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and CC chemokine receptor 2 present in the blood were quantified. The relative gene expression, adiponectin levels, and the three adiponectin isoforms were compared among the subjects.

RESULTS:

The abundance of PPARγ and CC chemokine receptor 2 mRNA was significantly increased in convalescent KD patients. The monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 level was also increased in convalescent KD patients. The level of high-molecular-weight adiponectin was significantly lower in convalescent patients compared to controls. The PPARγ transcription levels negatively correlated with apolipoprotein A-I levels in acute KD patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

The transcript abundance of PPARγ and low levels of high-molecular-weight adiponectin in KD patients may have important clinical implications on the development of premature atherosclerosis. Because the potential risk for developing atherosclerosis has not yet been verified, long-term observation is important, even in convalescent KD patients without coronary artery lesions.

• Authors: Hideo Fukunaga, Masahiko Kishiro, Katsumi Akimoto, Yoshikazu Ohtsuka, Satoru Nagata, Toshiaki Shimizu
• Journal: Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society (Pediatr Int) Vol. 52 Issue 5 Pg. 795-800 (Oct 2010) ISSN: 1442-200X [Electronic] Australia
• PMID: 20487372 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2010 The Authors. Pediatrics International © 2010 Japan Pediatric Society.

Chemical References

• Adiponectin
• Chemokine CCL2
• Genetic Markers
• PPAR gamma
• RNA, Messenger

Topics

• Acute Disease
• Adiponectin (genetics)
• Adolescent
• Age of Onset
• Atherosclerosis (diagnosis, epidemiology, genetics)
• Case-Control Studies
• Chemokine CCL2 (genetics)
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Chronic Disease
• Female
• Gene Expression Regulation
• Genetic Markers
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease (epidemiology)
• Humans
• Male
• Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome (diagnosis, epidemiology, genetics)
• PPAR gamma (genetics)
• Predictive Value of Tests
• RNA, Messenger (genetics)
• Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (methods)
• Risk Assessment
• Sensitivity and Specificity
• Severity of Illness Index
• Statistics, Nonparametric