Persistent delirium predicts greater mortality.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

To examine the association between persistent delirium and 1-year mortality in newly admitted postacute care (PAC) facility patients with delirium who were followed regardless of residence.

DESIGN:

Observational cohort study.

SETTING:

Eight greater-Boston skilled nursing facilities specializing in PAC.

PARTICIPANTS:

Four hundred twelve PAC patients with delirium at admission after an acute hospitalization.

MEASUREMENTS:

Assessments were done at baseline and four follow-up times: 2, 4, 12, and 26 weeks. Delirium, defined using the Confusion Assessment Method, was assessed, as were factors used as covariates in analyses: age, sex, comorbidity, functional status, and dementia. The outcome was 1-year mortality determined according to the National Death Index and corroborated using medical record and proxy telephone interview.

RESULTS:

Nearly one-third of subjects remained delirious at 6 months. Cumulative 1-year mortality was 39%. Independent of age, sex, comorbidity, functional status, and dementia, subjects with persistent delirium were 2.9 (95% confidence interval 51.9-4.4) times as likely to die during the 1-year follow-up as subjects whose delirium resolved. This association remained strong and significant in groups with and without dementia. Additionally, when delirium resolved, the risk of death diminished thereafter.

CONCLUSION:

In patients who were delirious at the time of PAC admission, persistent delirium was a significant independent predictor of 1-year mortality.

• Authors: Dan K Kiely, Edward R Marcantonio, Sharon K Inouye, Michele L Shaffer, Margaret A Bergmann, Frances M Yang, Michael A Fearing, Richard N Jones
• Journal: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (J Am Geriatr Soc) Vol. 57 Issue 1 Pg. 55-61 (Jan 2009) ISSN: 1532-5415 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 19170790 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)

Topics

• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Cohort Studies
• Delirium (etiology, mortality)
• Female
• Homes for the Aged
• Hospitalization
• Humans
• Male
• Nursing Homes