Delayed-type hypersensitivity to recombinant HIV envelope glycoprotein (rgp160) after immunization with homologous antigen.

Abstract

Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses to intradermal recombinant HIV envelope glycoprotein (rgp160) may assess cell-mediated immune responses to HIV envelope. In three studies, DTH and lymphocyte proliferation responses to rgp160 were obtained in a total of 106 HIV-seropositive subjects with CD4+ counts >400 cells/mm3. Several subjects participated in more than one study. Before immunization, DTH responses were seen in 5 of 56 (9%) of HIV-infected study subjects. After immunization with an alum-adjuvanted experimental rgp160 vaccine, DTH responses were seen in 46 of 52 (89%). Using in vitro lymphocyte proliferation activity (LPA) to rgp160 as an indication of cellular immune response, skin testing has a sensitivity of 0.75 (95% confidence Interval [CI], 0.59-0.88) and a specificity of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.72-0.92). Biopsy samples of skin that had tested positive confirmed the presence of a DTH reaction with a predominance of CD4+ T cells in the perivascular, inflammatory infiltrate. Skin testing before and after immunization with candidate AIDS vaccines could provide a simple method in the field to assess new cell mediated immune responses.

• Authors: D A Katzenstein, S Kundu, J Spritzler, B R Smoller, P Haszlett, F Valentine, T C Merigan
• Journal: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) (J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr) Vol. 22 Issue 4 Pg. 341-7 (Dec 01 1999) ISSN: 1525-4135 [Print] United States
• PMID: 10634195 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Clinical Trial, Phase I, Clinical Trial, Phase II, Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• AIDS Vaccines
• HIV Envelope Protein gp160
• Vaccines, Synthetic
• VaxSyn HIV-1 (gp160) vaccine

Topics

• AIDS Vaccines (immunology)
• HIV Envelope Protein gp160 (adverse effects, genetics, immunology)
• HIV Infections (immunology, therapy)
• HIV-1 (immunology)
• Humans
• Hypersensitivity, Delayed (etiology)
• Lymphocyte Activation
• Skin Tests
• Vaccination
• Vaccines, Synthetic (adverse effects, immunology)