Abstract | BACKGROUND: OBJECTIVES: METHODS: DASH- Sodium was a controlled feeding study in adults with systolic blood pressure (BP) 120 to 159 mm Hg and diastolic BP 80 to 95 mm Hg, randomly assigned to the DASH diet or a control diet. On their assigned diet, participants consumed each of three sodium levels for 4 weeks. Body weight was kept constant. At the 2,100 kcal level, the 3 sodium levels were low (50 mmol/day), medium (100 mmol/day), and high (150 mmol/day). Outcomes were 3 cardiac biomarkers: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) (measure of cardiac injury), N-terminal pro- B-type natriuretic peptide ( NT-proBNP) (measure of strain), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP) (measure of inflammation), collected at baseline and at the end of each feeding period. RESULTS: Of the original 412 participants, the mean age was 48 years; 56% were women, and 56% were Black. Mean baseline systolic/diastolic BP was 135/86 mm Hg. DASH (vs. control) reduced hs-cTnI by 18% (95% confidence interval [CI]: -27% to -7%) and hs-CRP by 13% (95% CI: -24% to -1%), but not NT-proBNP. In contrast, lowering sodium from high to low levels reduced NT-proBNP independently of diet (19%; 95% CI: -24% to -14%), but did not alter hs-cTnI and mildly increased hs-CRP (9%; 95% CI: 0.4% to 18%). Combining DASH with sodium reduction lowered hs-cTnI by 20% (95% CI: -31% to -7%) and NT-proBNP by 23% (95% CI: -32% to -12%), whereas hs-CRP was not significantly changed (-7%; 95% CI: -22% to 9%) compared with the high sodium-control diet. CONCLUSIONS: Combining a DASH dietary pattern with sodium reduction can lower 2 distinct mechanisms of subclinical cardiac damage: injury and strain, whereas DASH alone reduced inflammation. (Dietary Patterns, Sodium Intake and Blood Pressure [DASH - Sodium]; NCT00000608).
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Authors | Stephen P Juraschek, Lara C Kovell, Lawrence J Appel, Edgar R Miller 3rd, Frank M Sacks, Alex R Chang, Robert H Christenson, Heather Rebuck, Kenneth J Mukamal |
Journal | Journal of the American College of Cardiology
(J Am Coll Cardiol)
Vol. 77
Issue 21
Pg. 2625-2634
(06 01 2021)
ISSN: 1558-3597 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 34045018
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2021 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- Biomarkers
- Peptide Fragments
- Troponin I
- pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
- C-Reactive Protein
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Topics |
- Adult
- Biomarkers
(blood)
- C-Reactive Protein
(metabolism)
- Diet, Sodium-Restricted
- Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension
- Female
- Humans
- Hypertension
(diet therapy)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
(blood)
- Peptide Fragments
(blood)
- Troponin I
(blood)
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