Targeting Inflammation Through a Physical Active Lifestyle and Pharmaceuticals for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes.

Abstract

Evidence exists that interleukin (IL)-1β is involved in pancreatic β-cell damage, whereas TNF-α appears to be a key molecule in peripheral insulin resistance. Although increased plasma levels of IL-6 are seen in individuals with type 2 diabetes, mechanistic studies suggest that moderate acute elevations in IL-6, as provoked by exercise, exert anti-inflammatory effects by an inhibition of TNF-α and by stimulating IL-1 receptor antagonist (ra), thereby limiting IL-1β signaling. A number of medical treatments have anti-inflammatory effects. IL-1 antagonists have been tested in clinical studies and appear very promising. Also, there is a potential for anti-TNF-α strategies and salsalate has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity in clinical trials. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory potential of statins, antagonists of the renin-angiotensin system, and glucose-lowering agents are discussed. While waiting for the outcome of long-term clinical pharmacological trials, it should be emphasized that physical activity represents a natural strong anti-inflammatory intervention with little or no side effects.

• Authors: Sine Haugaard Knudsen, Bente Klarlund Pedersen
• Journal: Current diabetes reports (Curr Diab Rep) Vol. 15 Issue 10 Pg. 82 (Oct 2015) ISSN: 1539-0829 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26358738 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Neuropeptides
• myokinin

Topics

• Animals
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents (therapeutic use)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (complications, drug therapy)
• Humans
• Inflammation (complications, drug therapy, immunology)
• Life Style
• Motor Activity
• Neuropeptides (immunology)