Acute effects of rotavirus and malnutrition on intestinal barrier function in neonatal piglets.

Abstract

AIM:

To investigate the effect of protein-energy malnutrition on intestinal barrier function during rotavirus enteritis in a piglet model.

METHODS:

Newborn piglets were allotted at day 4 of age to the following treatments: (1) full-strength formula (FSF)/noninfected; (2) FSF/rotavirus infected; (3) half-strength formula (HSF)/noninfected; or (4) HSF/rotavirus infected. After one day of adjustment to the feeding rates, pigs were infected with rotavirus and acute effects on growth and diarrhea were monitored for 3 d and jejunal samples were collected for Ussing-chamber analyses.

RESULTS:

Piglets that were malnourished or infected had lower body weights on days 2 and 3 post-infection (P < 0.05). Three days post-infection, marked diarrhea and weight loss were accompanied by sharp reductions in villus height (59%) and lactase activity (91%) and increased crypt depth (21%) in infected compared with non-infected pigs (P < 0.05). Malnutrition also increased crypt depth (21%) compared to full-fed piglets. Villus:crypt ratio was reduced (67%) with viral infection. There was a trend for reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance with rotavirus infection and malnutrition (P = 0.1). (3)H-mannitol flux was significantly increased (50%; P < 0.001) in rotavirus-infected piglets compared to non-infected piglets, but there was no effect of nutritional status. Furthermore, rotavirus infection reduced localization of the tight junction protein, occludin, in the cell membrane and increased localization in the cytosol.

CONCLUSION:

Overall, malnutrition had no additive effects to rotavirus infection on intestinal barrier function at day 3 post-infection in a neonatal piglet model.

• Authors: Sheila K Jacobi, Adam J Moeser, Anthony T Blikslager, J Marc Rhoads, Benjamin A Corl, Robert J Harrell, Jack Odle
• Journal: World journal of gastroenterology (World J Gastroenterol) Vol. 19 Issue 31 Pg. 5094-102 (Aug 21 2013) ISSN: 2219-2840 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23964143 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Occludin
• Mannitol

Topics

• Animals
• Animals, Newborn
• Diarrhea (metabolism, virology)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Electric Impedance
• Humans
• Infant Formula (metabolism)
• Infant, Newborn
• Intestinal Absorption
• Intestinal Mucosa (metabolism, pathology, virology)
• Mannitol (metabolism)
• Occludin (metabolism)
• Permeability
• Protein-Energy Malnutrition (metabolism, pathology, virology)
• Rotavirus Infections (metabolism, pathology, virology)
• Swine
• Tight Junctions (metabolism, virology)
• Time Factors
• Weight Loss