Effects of rosiglitazone on endothelial function in men with coronary artery disease without diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

Recent data have shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists may exert protective effects on the vascular endothelium by amelioration of insulin resistance and through direct anti-inflammatory effects. In this study we assessed the effect of rosiglitazone on biochemical and biophysical indexes of endothelial function in male, nondiabetic patients with coronary artery disease. Consecutive male subjects (n = 71) with clinically stable, angiographically documented coronary artery disease and without diabetes mellitus were investigated. Patients were randomized in a double-blind manner to placebo or rosiglitazone for a total of 24 weeks. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, C-reactive protein, von Willebrand factor, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels, and parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism were measured at baseline and after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment. Rosiglitazone treatment significantly reduced C-reactive protein (median 0.56 mg/L [interquartile range 0.33 to 1.02] to 0.33 mg/L [interquartile range 0.26 to 0.40], p <0.01), von Willebrand factor (139 +/- 47 to 132 +/- 44 IU/dl, p = 0.02), insulin resistance index (p = 0.05), and mean low-density lipoprotein (LDL) density (p <0.001) compared with placebo. However, no significant differences were seen between the rosiglitazone and placebo groups with regard to brachial artery FMD, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, or vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels. Rosiglitazone treatment significantly increased LDL (2.62 +/- 0.72 to 2.95 +/- 0.84 mmol/L, p = 0.03) and triglyceride (1.23 +/- 0.63 to 1.56 +/- 0.98 mmol/L, p = 0.04) levels. Thus, rosiglitazone reduced markers of inflammation and endothelial activation, but this did not translate into an improvement in FMD. Increased LDL and triglyceride levels may have played a role.

• Authors: Jagdip S Sidhu, Dahlia Cowan, Juan Carlos Kaski
• Journal: The American journal of cardiology (Am J Cardiol) Vol. 94 Issue 2 Pg. 151-6 (Jul 15 2004) ISSN: 0002-9149 [Print] United States
• PMID: 15246889 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)

Chemical References

• Thiazolidinediones
• Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
• Vasodilator Agents
• von Willebrand Factor
• Rosiglitazone
• Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
• C-Reactive Protein

Topics

• Aged
• Brachial Artery (physiopathology)
• C-Reactive Protein (analysis)
• Coronary Disease (blood, physiopathology)
• Endothelium, Vascular (drug effects)
• Humans
• Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (blood)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Prospective Studies
• Regional Blood Flow (drug effects)
• Rosiglitazone
• Thiazolidinediones (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (blood)
• Vasodilation (drug effects)
• Vasodilator Agents (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• von Willebrand Factor (analysis)