Abstract | CONTEXT: Use of the quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine for control of outbreaks has increased in recent years, but the efficacy of meningococcal vaccine during mass vaccination campaigns in US civilian populations has not been assessed. OBJECTIVES: DESIGN: Matched case-control study of vaccine efficacy using cases of serogroup C meningococcal disease in persons eligible for vaccination during mass vaccination campaigns. Control patients were matched by neighborhood and age. The control group was used to identify possible barriers to vaccination. SETTING: Gregg County, Texas, population 106076, from 1993 to 1995. PARTICIPANTS: MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Vaccine efficacy and risk factors associated with nonvaccination. RESULTS:
Vaccine efficacy among 2- to 29-year-olds was 85% (95% confidence interval, 27%-97%) and did not change in bivariate analyses with other risk factors that were significant in univariate analysis. Among control patients, older age was strongly associated with nonvaccination; vaccination rates for 2- to 4-year-olds, 5- to 18-year-olds, and 19- to 29-year-olds were 67%, 48%, and 20%, respectively (chi2 for linear trend, P=.01). CONCLUSIONS: The meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine was effective against serogroup C meningococcal disease in this community outbreak. Although specific barriers to vaccination were not identified, older age was a risk factor for nonvaccination in the target population of 2- to 29-year-olds. In future outbreaks, emphasis should be placed on achieving high vaccination coverage, with special efforts to vaccinate young adults.
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Authors | N Rosenstein, O Levine, J P Taylor, D Evans, B D Plikaytis, J D Wenger, B A Perkins |
Journal | JAMA
(JAMA)
Vol. 279
Issue 6
Pg. 435-9
(Feb 11 1998)
ISSN: 0098-7484 [Print] United States |
PMID | 9466635
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- Bacterial Vaccines
- Meningococcal Vaccines
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Topics |
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Bacterial Vaccines
(administration & dosage, immunology)
- Case-Control Studies
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Disease Outbreaks
(prevention & control)
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Meningococcal Infections
(prevention & control)
- Meningococcal Vaccines
- Neisseria meningitidis
(classification, immunology)
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Risk Factors
- Serotyping
- Texas
(epidemiology)
- United States
(epidemiology)
- Vaccination
(statistics & numerical data)
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