Hypomethylating agents for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia: Past discoveries and future directions.

Abstract

Azacitidine and decitabine are hypomethylating agents that have dose-dependent epigenetic and cytotoxic effects and are widely used in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this review, we discuss the path to regulatory approval of azacitidine and decitabine, highlighting the substantial efforts that have been made to optimize the dosing schedule and administration of these drugs, including the development of new, oral formulations of both agents. We also review novel combination strategies that are being investigated in ongoing clinical trials for patients with MDS and AML, as well as efforts to expand the current indications of these agents.

• Authors: Nicholas J Short, Hagop Kantarjian
• Journal: American journal of hematology (Am J Hematol) Vol. 97 Issue 12 Pg. 1616-1626 (12 2022) ISSN: 1096-8652 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 35871436 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Chemical References

• Decitabine
• Azacitidine

Topics

• Humans
• Decitabine (therapeutic use)
• Myelodysplastic Syndromes (drug therapy)
• Azacitidine (therapeutic use)
• Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute (drug therapy, genetics)