An Ultrasound-Responsive Theranostic Cyclodextrin-Loaded Nanoparticle for Multimodal Imaging and Therapy for Atherosclerosis.

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Left undiagnosed and untreated, atherosclerotic plaques can rupture and cause cardiovascular complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Atherosclerotic plaques are composed of lipids, including oxidized low-density lipoproteins and cholesterol crystals, and immune cells, including macrophages. 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (CD) is FDA-approved for capturing, solubilizing, and delivering lipophilic drugs in humans. It is also known to dissolve cholesterol crystals and decrease atherosclerotic plaque size. However, its low retention time necessitates high dosages for successful therapy. This study reports CD delivery via air-trapped polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles (with diameters of 388 ± 34 nm) loaded with CD (CDNPs). The multimodal contrast ability of these nanoparticles after being loaded with IR780 dye in mice is demonstrated using ultrasound and near-infrared imaging. It is shown that CDNPs enhance the cellular uptake of CD in murine cells. In an ApoE-/- mouse model of atherosclerosis, treatment with CDNPs significantly improves the anti-atherosclerotic efficacy of CD. Ultrasound triggering further improves CD uptake, highlighting that CDNPs can be used for ultrasound imaging and ultrasound-responsive CD delivery. Thus, CDNPs represent a theranostic nanocarrier for potential application in patients with atherosclerosis.

• Authors: Sourabh Mehta, Viktoria Bongcaron, Tien K Nguyen, Yugandhara Jirwanka, Ana Maluenda, Aidan P G Walsh, Jathushan Palasubramaniam, Mark D Hulett, Rohit Srivastava, Alex Bobik, Xiaowei Wang, Karlheinz Peter
• Journal: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) (Small) Vol. 18 Issue 31 Pg. e2200967 (08 2022) ISSN: 1613-6829 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 35710979 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Small published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

Chemical References

• Cyclodextrins
• Cholesterol

Topics

• Animals
• Atherosclerosis (diagnostic imaging, drug therapy)
• Cholesterol
• Cyclodextrins
• Humans
• Mice
• Multimodal Imaging
• Nanoparticles (chemistry)
• Plaque, Atherosclerotic (diagnostic imaging, drug therapy)
• Precision Medicine
• Ultrasonography