The microbiome of dental and peri-implant subgingival plaque during peri-implant mucositis therapy: A randomized clinical trial.

Abstract

AIM:

To assess the microbial effects of mechanical debridement in conjunction with a mouthrinse on sites with peri-implant mucositis and gingivitis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Eighty-nine patients with peri-implant mucositis were included in a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with mechanical debridement and 1-month use of either delmopinol, chlorhexidine (CHX), or a placebo mouthrinse. Submucosal and subgingival plaque samples of implants and teeth were collected at baseline and after 1 and 3 months, processed for 16S V4 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and analysed bioinformatically.

RESULTS:

The sites with peri-implant mucositis presented with a less diverse and less anaerobic microbiome. Exposure to delmopinol or CHX, but not to the placebo mouthrinse resulted in microbial changes after 1 month. The healthy sites around the teeth harboured a more diverse and more anaerobe-rich microbiome than the healthy sites around the implants.

CONCLUSIONS:

Peri-implant sites with mucositis harbour ecologically less complex and less anaerobic biofilms with lower biomass than patient-matched dental sites with gingivitis while eliciting an equal inflammatory response. Adjunctive antimicrobial therapy in addition to mechanical debridement does affect both dental and peri-implant biofilm composition in the short term, resulting in a less dysbiotic subgingival biofilm.

• Authors: Juliana Philip, Mark J Buijs, Vincent Y Pappalardo, Wim Crielaard, Bernd W Brandt, Egija Zaura
• Journal: Journal of clinical periodontology (J Clin Periodontol) Vol. 49 Issue 1 Pg. 28-38 (01 2022) ISSN: 1600-051X [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 34664294 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Periodontology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Chemical References

• Dental Implants

Topics

• Dental Implants (adverse effects)
• Dental Plaque
• Humans
• Microbiota
• Mucositis
• Peri-Implantitis (therapy)