Twelve-month clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing complex percutaneous coronary intervention: insights from the ISAR-REACT 5 trial.

Abstract

AIMS:

Complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with a higher risk of ischaemic events. However, no study has analysed the effect of PCI complexity on outcomes in a contemporary cohort of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients treated with a dual anti-platelet therapy regimen based on potent P2Y12-inhibitors. Therefore, we performed the current analysis.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

This analysis included all ACS patients treated with PCI in the Intracoronary Stenting and Antithrombotic Regimen: Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment (ISAR-REACT) 5 trial. Complex PCI was defined as at least one of: multi-vessel PCI, ≥3 stents implanted, ≥3 lesions treated, and total stented length >60 mm. The primary endpoint was the composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke at 12 months; the safety endpoint was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium types 3-5 bleeding at 12 months. Overall, 3377 patients were included in this analysis (complex PCI, n = 1429; non-complex PCI, n = 1948). The primary endpoint occurred more frequently in the complex PCI group than the non-complex PCI group [10.1% vs. 7.2%, hazard ratio (HR): 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.14-1.82), P = 0.002], driven primarily by a higher risk of MI [HR: 1.62, (1.17-2.26), P = 0.004]. The safety endpoint was not statistically different between patients undergoing complex vs. non-complex PCI, although it was numerically higher in the complex PCI group [6.7% vs. 5.3%, HR: 1.28, (0.97-1.70), P = 0.08].

CONCLUSIONS:

Acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing complex PCI have an increased incidence of ischaemic events compared with ACS patients undergoing non-complex PCI.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:

NCT01944800, Prospective, Randomized Trial of Ticagrelor Vs. Prasugrel in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome-Full-Text View-ClinicalTrials.gov https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01944800.

• Authors: J J Coughlan, Alp Aytekin, Gjin Ndrepepa, Stefanie Schüpke, Isabell Bernlochner, Katharina Mayer, Franz Josef Neumann, Maurizio Menichelli, Gert Richardt, Jochen Wöhrle, Erion Xhepa, Sebastian Kufner, Hendrik B Sager, Michael Joner, Tareq Ibrahim, Massimiliano Fusaro, Karl Ludwig Laugwitz, Heribert Schunkert, Adnan Kastrati, Salvatore Cassese
• Journal: European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care (Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care) Vol. 10 Issue 10 Pg. 1117-1124 (Dec 18 2021) ISSN: 2048-8734 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 34468709 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)
• Copyright: Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author(s) 2021. For permissions, please email: [email protected].

Chemical References

• Prasugrel Hydrochloride
• Ticagrelor

Topics

• Acute Coronary Syndrome (surgery)
• Humans
• Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
• Prasugrel Hydrochloride
• Prospective Studies
• Ticagrelor