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Immunotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Focus on the Use of the Currently Available Biomarkers in Oncology.

Abstract
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) have remarkably modified the way solid tumors are managed, including breast cancer. Unfortunately, only a relatively small number of breast cancer patients significantly respond to these treatments. To maximize the immunotherapy benefit in breast cancer, several efforts are currently being put forward for the identification of i) the best therapeutic strategy (i.e. ICI monotherapy or in association with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or other drugs); ii) optimal timing for administration (e.g. early/advanced stage of disease; adjuvant/ neoadjuvant setting); iii) most effective and reliable predictive biomarkers of response (e.g. tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, programmed death-ligand 1, microsatellite instability associated with mismatch repair deficiency, and tumor mutational burden). In this article, we review the impacts and gaps in the characterization of immune-related biomarkers raised by clinical and translational research studies with immunotherapy treatments. Particular emphasis has been put on the documented evidence of significant clinical benefits of ICI in different randomized clinical trials, along with preanalytical and analytical issues in predictive biomarkers pathological assessment.
AuthorsCarmen Criscitiello, Elena Guerini-Rocco, Giulia Viale, Caterina Fumagalli, Elham Sajjadi, Konstantinos Venetis, Roberto Piciotti, Marco Invernizzi, Umberto Malapelle, Nicola Fusco
JournalAnti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry (Anticancer Agents Med Chem) Vol. 22 Issue 4 Pg. 787-800 ( 2022) ISSN: 1875-5992 [Electronic] Netherlands
PMID34229592 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
CopyrightCopyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected].
Chemical References
  • B7-H1 Antigen
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Topics
  • B7-H1 Antigen
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Breast Neoplasms (diagnosis, drug therapy)
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
  • Immunotherapy
  • Microsatellite Instability

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