Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (Meoru in Korea) has been used in Korean
folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and
cancers. Evidence suggests that NF-κB activation is mainly involved in
cancer cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and
metastasis. TNF-α also enhances the inflammatory process in
tumor development. Recently,
flavonoids from plants have been reported to have inhibitory effects on NF-κB activities. We investigated the effects of
anthocyanins extracted from the fruits of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (AIM,
anthocyanins isolated from Meoru (AIM)) on TNF-α-induced NF-κB activities in MCF-7 human
breast cancer cells and the molecules involved in AIM-induced anti-
cancer effects, especially on
cancer metastasis. We performed cell viability assay,
gelatin zymography, invasion assay, and western blot analysis to unravel the anti-NF-κB activity of AIMs on MCF-7 cells. AIM suppressed the TNF-α effects on the NF-κB-regulated
proteins involved in
cancer cell proliferation (COX-2, C-myc), invasion, and angiogenesis (
MMP-2, MMP9, ICAM-1, and
VEGF). AIM also increased the expression of
E-cadherin, which is one of the hallmarks of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the
anthocyanins isolated from the fruits of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat acts as an inhibitor of TNF-α induced NF-κB activation, and subsequent downstream molecules involved in
cancer proliferation, invasion, adhesion, angiogenesis, and thus have anti-metastatic activities in MCF-7
breast cancer cells.