Use of anastrozole for breast cancer prevention (IBIS-II): long-term results of a randomised controlled trial.
Abstract | BACKGROUND: METHODS: IBIS-II is an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Postmenopausal women at increased risk of developing breast cancer were recruited and were randomly assigned (1:1) to either anastrozole (1 mg per day, oral) or matching placebo daily for 5 years. After treatment completion, women were followed on a yearly basis to collect data on breast cancer incidence, death, other cancers, and major adverse events (cardiovascular events and fractures). The primary outcome was all breast cancer. FINDINGS: 3864 women were recruited between Feb 2, 2003, and Jan 31, 2012. 1920 women were randomly assigned to 5 years anastrozole and 1944 to placebo. After a median follow-up of 131 months (IQR 105-156), a 49% reduction in breast cancer was observed for anastrozole (85 vs 165 cases, hazard ratio [HR] 0·51, 95% CI 0·39-0·66, p<0·0001). The reduction was larger in the first 5 years (35 vs 89, 0·39, 0·27-0·58, p<0·0001), but still significant after 5 years (50 vs 76 new cases, 0·64, 0·45-0·91, p=0·014), and not significantly different from the first 5 years (p=0·087). Invasive oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer was reduced by 54% (HR 0·46, 95% CI 0·33-0·65, p<0·0001), with a continued significant effect in the period after treatment. A 59% reduction in ductal carcinoma in situ was observed (0·41, 0·22-0·79, p=0·0081), especially in participants known to be oestrogen receptor-positive (0·22, 0·78-0·65, p<0·0001). No significant difference in deaths was observed overall (69 vs 70, HR 0·96, 95% CI 0·69-1·34, p=0·82) or for breast cancer (two anastrozole vs three placebo). A significant decrease in non-breast cancers was observed for anastrozole (147 vs 200, odds ratio 0·72, 95% CI 0·57-0·91, p=0·0042), owing primarily to non- melanoma skin cancer. No excess of fractures or cardiovascular disease was observed. INTERPRETATION: This analysis has identified a significant continuing reduction in breast cancer with anastrozole in the post-treatment follow-up period, with no evidence of new late side-effects. Further follow-up is needed to assess the effect on breast cancer mortality. FUNDING:
Cancer Research UK, the National Health and Medical Research Council Australia, Breast Cancer Research Foundation, Sanofi Aventis, and AstraZeneca.
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Authors | Jack Cuzick, Ivana Sestak, John F Forbes, Mitch Dowsett, Simon Cawthorn, Robert E Mansel, Sibylle Loibl, Bernardo Bonanni, D Gareth Evans, Anthony Howell, IBIS-II investigators |
Journal | Lancet (London, England)
(Lancet)
Vol. 395
Issue 10218
Pg. 117-122
(01 11 2020)
ISSN: 1474-547X [Electronic] England |
PMID | 31839281
(Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- Aromatase Inhibitors
- Placebos
- Anastrozole
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Topics |
- Administration, Oral
- Adult
- Aged
- Anastrozole
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Aromatase Inhibitors
(therapeutic use)
- Breast Neoplasms
(drug therapy, epidemiology, mortality, prevention & control)
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast
(drug therapy, pathology)
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating
(drug therapy, pathology)
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Incidence
- Middle Aged
- Placebos
- Treatment Outcome
- United Kingdom
(epidemiology)
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