Effect of Suramin on Renal Proximal Tubular Cells Damage Induced by Cisplatin in Rats (Histological and Immunohistochemical Study).

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Renal toxicity is the most common complication of cispaltin therapy that has broad-spectrum antitumor activity against a variety of human solid tumor. Suramin, a Food and Drug Administration-approved old drug is a polysulfonated compound of napthylurea originally designed to treat trypanosomiasis.

AIM:

The current work aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of different doses of suramin against cisplatin-induced renal proximal tubular cells (RPTCs) damage.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Fifty adult male rats were used and divided into five equal groups. Group I served as a control, group II received suramin alone (10 mg/kg). Groups III, IV and V were administered cisplatin once (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) alone or combined with low dosage suramin (5 mg/kg) or high dosage suramin (10 mg/kg) once intravenously respectively.

RESULTS:

Compared with control rats, cisplatin administration caused proximal tubules damage, RPTCs vacuolation with pyknotic nuclei, loss of brush border and widespread caspase-3 immunostaining. Cisplatin-induced RPTCs toxicity was further confirmed morphometrically (a significantly decreased proximal tubular epithelium height and increased mean number of caspase-3-immunopositive cells). These changes were accompanied by biochemical alteration manifested as a significant increase of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Simultaneous administration of high-dose but not low-dose suramin to the cisplatin-treated rats improved the deleterious morphological and morphometrical effects on RPTCs and restored the aforementioned biochemical parameters to control values.

CONCLUSION:

In conclusion suramin in a dose dependant manner protects RPTCs from damage induced by cisplatin.

• Authors: Eman Ali El-Kordy
• Journal: Journal of microscopy and ultrastructure (J Microsc Ultrastruct) 2019 Oct-Dec Vol. 7 Issue 4 Pg. 153-164 ISSN: 2213-8803 [Electronic] India
• PMID: 31803569 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright: © 2019 Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure.