Particulate matter at third trimester and respiratory infection in infants, modified by GSTM1.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

To investigate the association between particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5 ) exposure during each trimester of pregnancy and development of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) during the first 3 years of life and whether GSTM1 gene polymorphisms modify these effects.

METHODS:

This study included 1,180 mother-child pairs from the Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases. The PM2.5 levels during pregnancy were estimated by residential address using land-use regression models based on a national monitoring system. A diagnosis of LRTIs was based on a parental report of a physician's diagnosis. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for GSTM1 genotyping.

RESULTS:

Higher PM2.5 exposure during the third trimester was associated with LRTIs at 1 year of age (aRR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.00-1.13). This result did not change after adjusting for PM2.5 exposures during the first and second trimesters (aRR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.99-1.13). This association was significant after adjusting for PM2.5 exposures during first year of age (aRR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02-1.15) and exposures to NO2 and ozone at the third trimester (aRR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.00-1.16). In addition, PM2.5 exposure during the third trimester increased the risk of LRTIs at 1 year of age in cases with the GSTM1 null genotype (aRR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.01-1.57; P for interaction .20).

CONCLUSION:

Higher PM2.5 exposure during the third trimester of pregnancy may increase the susceptibility to LRTIs at 1 year of age. This effect is modified by GSTM1 gene polymorphisms.

• Authors: Song-I Yang, Hyo-Bin Kim, Hwan-Cheol Kim, So-Yeon Lee, Mi-Jin Kang, Hyun-Ju Cho, Jisun Yoon, Sungsu Jung, Eun Lee, Hyeon-Jong Yang, Kangmo Ahn, Kyung Won Kim, Youn Ho Shin, Dong In Suh, Soo-Jong Hong
• Journal: Pediatric pulmonology (Pediatr Pulmonol) Vol. 55 Issue 1 Pg. 245-253 (01 2020) ISSN: 1099-0496 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 31746563 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Chemical References

• Air Pollutants
• Particulate Matter
• Ozone
• Glutathione Transferase
• glutathione S-transferase M1
• Nitrogen Dioxide

Topics

• Adult
• Air Pollutants (analysis)
• Female
• Glutathione Transferase (genetics)
• Humans
• Infant
• Male
• Maternal Exposure
• Nitrogen Dioxide (analysis)
• Ozone (analysis)
• Particulate Matter (analysis)
• Polymorphism, Genetic
• Pregnancy
• Pregnancy Trimester, Third
• Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects (epidemiology, genetics)
• Respiratory Tract Infections (epidemiology, genetics)