Is Additional Surgery Always Sufficient for Preventing Recurrence After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection with Curability C-2 for Early Gastric Cancer?

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

When a lesion does not meet the curative criteria of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer (EGC), referred to as non-curative resection or curability C-2 in the guidelines, an additional surgery is the standard therapy because of the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM).

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to identify high-risk patients for recurrence after additional surgery for curability C-2 ESD of EGC.

METHODS:

This multicenter retrospective cohort study enrolled 1064 patients who underwent additional surgery after curability C-2 ESD for EGC. We evaluated the recurrence rate and the risk factors for recurrence after additional surgery in these patients.

RESULTS:

The 5-year recurrence rate after additional surgery was 1.3%. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that the independent risk factors for recurrence after additional surgery were LNM (hazard ratio [HR] 32.47; p < 0.001) and vascular invasion (HR 4.75; p = 0.014). Moreover, patients with both LNM and vascular invasion had a high rate of recurrence after additional surgery (24.6% in 5 years), with a high HR (119.32) compared with those with neither LNM nor vascular invasion. Among patients with no vascular invasion, a high rate of recurrence was observed in those with N2/N3 disease according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM staging system (27.3% in 5 years), in contrast with no recurrence in those with N1 disease.

CONCLUSIONS:

Patients with both LNM (N1-N3) and vascular invasion, as well as those with N2/N3 disease but no vascular invasion, would be candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy after additional surgery for curability C-2 ESD of EGC.

• Authors: Waku Hatta, Takuji Gotoda, Tsuneo Oyama, Noboru Kawata, Akiko Takahashi, Shiro Oka, Shu Hoteya, Masahiro Nakagawa, Masaaki Hirano, Mitsuru Esaki, Mitsuru Matsuda, Ken Ohnita, Ryo Shimoda, Motoyuki Yoshida, Osamu Dohi, Jun Takada, Keiko Tanaka, Shinya Yamada, Tsuyotoshi Tsuji, Hirotaka Ito, Hiroyuki Aoyagi, Tomohiro Nakamura, Naoki Nakaya, Tooru Shimosegawa, Atsushi Masamune
• Journal: Annals of surgical oncology (Ann Surg Oncol) Vol. 26 Issue 11 Pg. 3636-3643 (Oct 2019) ISSN: 1534-4681 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 31342376 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study)

Topics

• Adenocarcinoma (pathology, surgery)
• Aged
• Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (mortality)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Neoplasm Invasiveness
• Neoplasm Recurrence, Local (pathology, prevention & control)
• Neoplasm Staging
• Reoperation
• Retrospective Studies
• Stomach Neoplasms (pathology, surgery)
• Survival Rate