Early Antibiotic Exposure and Weight Outcomes in Young Children.

Abstract

: media-1vid110.1542/5839981580001PEDS-VA_2018-0290Video Abstract OBJECTIVES: To determine the association of antibiotic use with weight outcomes in a large cohort of children.

METHODS:

Health care data were available from 2009 to 2016 for 35 institutions participating in the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network. Participant inclusion required same-day height and weight measurements at 0 to <12, 12 to <30, and 48 to <72 months of age. We assessed the association between any antibiotic use at <24 months of age with BMI z score and overweight or obesity prevalence at 48 to <72 months (5 years) of age, with secondary assessments of antibiotic spectrum and age-period exposures. We included children with and without complex chronic conditions.

RESULTS:

Among 1 792 849 children with a same-day height and weight measurement at <12 months of age, 362 550 were eligible for the cohort. One-half of children (52%) were boys, 27% were African American, 18% were Hispanic, and 58% received ≥1 antibiotic prescription at <24 months of age. At 5 years, the mean BMI z score was 0.40 (SD 1.19), and 28% of children had overweight or obesity. In adjusted models for children without a complex chronic condition at 5 years, we estimated a higher mean BMI z score by 0.04 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03 to 0.05) and higher odds of overweight or obesity (odds ratio 1.05; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.07) associated with obtaining any (versus no) antibiotics at <24 months.

CONCLUSIONS:

Antibiotic use at <24 months of age was associated with a slightly higher body weight at 5 years of age.

• Authors: Jason P Block, L Charles Bailey, Matthew W Gillman, Doug Lunsford, Matthew F Daley, Ihuoma Eneli, Jonathan Finkelstein, William Heerman, Casie E Horgan, Daniel S Hsia, Melanie Jay, Goutham Rao, Juliane S Reynolds, Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman, Jessica L Sturtevant, Sengwee Toh, Leonardo Trasande, Jessica Young, Christopher B Forrest, PCORnet Antibiotics and Childhood Growth Study Group
• Journal: Pediatrics (Pediatrics) Vol. 142 Issue 6 (12 2018) ISSN: 1098-4275 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 30381474 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2018 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents

Topics

• Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Body Mass Index
• Body Weight (drug effects, physiology)
• Child, Preschool
• Cohort Studies
• Drug Administration Schedule
• Female
• Humans
• Infant
• Infant, Newborn
• Male
• Pediatric Obesity (chemically induced, diagnosis, epidemiology)