Five studies with a total number of 2322 patients were included. When
sitagliptin (100 mg) was compared with
canagliflozin (100 mg), the endpoints of any adverse events, adverse events leading to drug discontinuation, serious adverse events,
urinary tract infections,
hypoglycemia, and adverse events related to
hypovolemia were not significantly different: (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.00-1.21; P = 0.05), (RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.67-2.16; P = 0.54), (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.49-1.66; P = 0.73), (RR 1.26, 95% CI 0.77-2.08; P = 0.36), (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.30-3.43; P = 0.99), and (RR 1.76, 95% CI 0.52-5.94; P = 0.36), respectively. However,
canagliflozin was associated with increased genital mycotic
infection (RR 4.32, 95% CI 2.11-8.83; P = 0.0001). When genital mycotic
infections associated with
sitagliptin versus
canagliflozin were compared in male and female patients separately, the risk was still significantly higher with
canagliflozin: (RR 7.00, 95% CI 2.44-20.06; P = 0.003) and (RR 4.02, 95% CI 2.22-7.27; P = 0.00001), respectively. The same results were obtained when
sitagliptin (100 mg) was compared to
canagliflozin 300 mg.
CONCLUSIONS: