BackgroundChildren with cyanotic
heart disease develop secondary
erythrocytosis and
thrombocytopenia via unknown mechanisms. Mature erythrocyte
microRNAs may reflect clinical pathologies and cell differentiation processes pre-enucleation. This study evaluated erythrocyte
microRNAs in children with cyanotic
heart disease.MethodsErythrocyte
microRNAs from children with cyanotic and acyanotic
heart disease and without
cardiac disease were quantified with Ion PGM System (n=10 per group). Differential expression was confirmed by quantitative PCR (qPCR; n=20 per group).ResultsMir-486-3p, mir-486-5p, and mir-155-5p increased in patients with cyanotic
heart disease compared with those without
heart disease: fold differences (95% confidence interval): mir-486-3p: 1.92 (1.14-3.23), P=0.011; mir-486-5p: 2.27 (1.41-3.65), P<0.001; and mir-155-5p: 1.44 (1.03-2.03), P=0.028. Mir-486-5p was increased, and let-7e-5p and mir-1260a were decreased in patients with acyanotic
heart disease compared with those without
heart disease: mir-486-5p: 1.66 (1.03-2.66), P=0.035; let-7e-5p: 0.66 (0.44-0.99), P=0.049; and mir-1260a: 0.53 (0.29-0.99), P=0.045.ConclusionSeveral
microRNA levels changed in children with cyanotic and acyanotic
heart disease. Mir-486-3p and -5p are associated with hematopoietic differentiation. Mir-486-3p regulates the erythroid vs. megakaryocyte lineage fate decision. Mir-155 is a
hypoxia-inducible
microRNA, whose overexpression inhibits megakaryocyte differentiation. Erythrocyte
microRNA expression changes may contribute to
erythrocytosis and
thrombocytopenia in children with cyanotic
heart disease.