Genetic Risk Factors Associated With Antiemetic Efficacy of Palonosetron, Aprepitant, and Dexamethasone in Japanese Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Anthracycline-based Chemotherapy.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Breast cancer patients often receive anthracycline-based chemotherapy, and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains one of the most uncomfortable and distressing adverse reactions. Poor control of CINV reduces the relative dose intensity of chemotherapy agents, which has been associated with poor clinical outcomes and shorter survival. The aim of the present study was to identify genetic risk factors associated with anthracycline-based CINV.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We evaluated CINV attributable to anthracycline-based chemotherapy in Japanese breast cancer patients treated with an antiemetic regimen that included palonosetron, aprepitant, and dexamethasone. Furthermore, we investigated the associations between CINV and single nucleotide polymorphisms in 6 candidate genes.

RESULTS:

Emesis episodes were rarely observed in the 125 patients included in the present survey (7.2%; n = 9); however, significant nausea occurred in more than one half of the patients (52.8%; n = 66). In particular, acute significant nausea was not effectively controlled. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the ABCG2 (rs2231142) AA genotype is significantly associated with acute significant nausea (odds ratio, 4.87; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-23.60; P = .049).

CONCLUSION:

The findings of the present study provide significant insights for developing personalized antiemetic strategies for breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

• Authors: Satoshi Yokoyama, Satoshi Tamaru, Shinya Tamaki, Daisuke Nakanishi, Akiya Mori, Tomokazu Yamakawa, Takaaki Ao, Yasuhiko Sakata, Toshiro Mizuno, Takuya Iwamoto, Kenichi Watanabe, Makoto Simomura, Keiki Kawakami, Naomi Konishi, Shinichi Kageyama, Shoichiro Ohtani, Tomomi Yamada, Susumu Ban, Kazuya Ooi
• Journal: Clinical breast cancer (Clin Breast Cancer) Vol. 18 Issue 2 Pg. e157-e165 (04 2018) ISSN: 1938-0666 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 28735677 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Observational Study)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• ABCG2 protein, human
• ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2
• Anthracyclines
• Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
• Antiemetics
• Neoplasm Proteins
• Aprepitant
• Palonosetron
• Dexamethasone

Topics

• ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2 (genetics)
• Adult
• Anthracyclines (adverse effects)
• Antibiotics, Antineoplastic (adverse effects)
• Antiemetics (therapeutic use)
• Aprepitant (therapeutic use)
• Breast Neoplasms (drug therapy, genetics)
• Dexamethasone (therapeutic use)
• Female
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease
• Humans
• Middle Aged
• Nausea (chemically induced, drug therapy, epidemiology, genetics)
• Neoplasm Proteins (genetics)
• Odds Ratio
• Palonosetron (therapeutic use)
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
• Prospective Studies
• Risk Factors
• Treatment Outcome
• Vomiting (chemically induced, drug therapy, epidemiology, genetics)