The signaling pathway-based stratification in
chromatin modification could predict clinical outcome more reliably than morphology-alone-based classification schemes in
gliomas. Here we reported a role of the chromatin-remodeling factor lymphoid-specific helicase (LSH) in
gliomas. Among
astrocytomas of grade I to III and
glioblastoma of grade IV, LSH were almost completely expressed in all cases, and strongly correlated with
astrocytomas progression and poor prognosis of patients with
astrocytomas and
glioblastoma. Ectopic expression of LSH promoted
tumor formation. Up-regulation of
transcription factor E2F1 in
astrocytomas and
glioblastoma was associated with the progression of
gliomas and correlated with LSH expression.
Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis showed
transcription factor E2F1 were recruited to the promoter region of LSH, and depletion of E2F1 decreased LSH expression and cell growth. Moreover,
glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), an intact complex of E2F1, were also highly expressed in
astrocytomas and linked with
astrocytomas progression and poor prognosis of patients with
astrocytomas and
glioblastoma. Inhibition of GSK3β increased the enrichment of E2F1 to the LSH promoter, in turn, increased LSH expression.
Lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6), an upstream regulator of GSK3β signaling pathway, was highly expressed in
gliomas. Knockdown of LRP6 decreased LSH expression through decrease of recruitment of E2F1 to the LSH promoter leading to inhibition of cell growth. Taken together, this study reveals evidence demonstrating a mechanism by which upregulated promoted
gliomas. A mechanistic link between LSH expression and activation of the LPR6/ GSK3β/E2F1 axis in
gliomas illustrates a novel role of LSH in malignant
astrocytomas and
glioblastoma.