The emerging role of interleukin (IL)-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory and degenerative eye diseases.

Abstract

Interleukin (IL)-1 plays a key role in the pathogenesis and thereafter in the search for specific treatments of different inflammatory and degenerative eye diseases. Indeed, an overactivity of IL-1 might be an initiating factor for many immunopathologic sceneries in the eye, as proven by the efficacy of the specific IL-1 blockade in different ocular diseases. For instance, the uveitis in monogenic autoinflammatory disorders, such as Blau syndrome and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, or in complex polygenic autoinflammatory disorders, such as Behçet's disease, has been successfully treated with IL-1 blockers. Similarly, therapy with the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra has proven successful also in scleritis and episcleritis in the context of different rheumatic conditions. Moreover, interesting findings deriving from animal models of ocular disease have set a rational basis from a therapeutic viewpoint to manage patients also with dry eye disease and a broadening number of ocular inflammatory and degenerative conditions, which start from an imbalance between IL-1 and its receptor antagonist.

• Authors: Claudia Fabiani, Jurgen Sota, Gian Marco Tosi, Rossella Franceschini, Bruno Frediani, Mauro Galeazzi, Donato Rigante, Luca Cantarini
• Journal: Clinical rheumatology (Clin Rheumatol) Vol. 36 Issue 10 Pg. 2307-2318 (Oct 2017) ISSN: 1434-9949 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 28032234 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• IL1RN protein, human
• Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein
• Interleukin-1
• NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
• NLRP3 protein, human

Topics

• Animals
• Disease Models, Animal
• Dry Eye Syndromes (drug therapy, immunology)
• Eye Diseases (drug therapy, immunology)
• Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases (drug therapy, immunology)
• Humans
• Inflammation (drug therapy, immunology)
• Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein (metabolism, therapeutic use)
• Interleukin-1 (physiology)
• Keratitis (drug therapy, immunology)
• Macular Degeneration (drug therapy, immunology)
• NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein (metabolism)
• Scleritis (drug therapy, immunology)
• Sjogren's Syndrome (drug therapy, immunology)
• Uveitis (drug therapy, immunology)