NS5A resistance-associated variants undermine the effectiveness of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for cirrhotic patients infected with HCV genotype 1b.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Little real-world cohort data has been reported for Asians who have received interferon-free regimens with sofosbuvir (SOF) for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety in clinical practice of ledipasvir (LDV) plus SOF for Japanese patients infected with HCV genotype 1.

METHODS:

This large, multicenter, real-world cohort study consisted of 772 patients treatment-naive or -experienced, with or without compensated cirrhosis, who were treated with LDV (90 mg)/SOF (400 mg) for a fixed 12-week duration. Direct sequence analysis of the NS5A genes (L31 and Y93) was performed at baseline.

RESULTS:

Almost all (99.6%) were infected with HCV genotype 1b. The overall sustained virological response 12 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR12) rate was 98.8% (763/772). Multivariable logistic regression analysis extracted male (odds ratio [OR] 6.62, p = 0.024), cirrhosis (OR 20.1, p = 0.0054), and baseline NS5A resistance-associated variants (RAVs) (OR 29.3, p = 0.0018) as independently associated with treatment failure. Notably, the SVR12 rate for cirrhosis patients with baseline NS5A RAVs (87.5%, 49/56) was statistically lower than for the other groups. This tendency was found except for patients with prior daclatasvir/asunaprevir failure. All patients with treatment failure had NS5A Y93H at relapse, whether or not they had NS5A RAVs at baseline. Serious adverse effects were very rare, and discontinuation was required for only five (0.6%) patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

LDV/SOF for HCV genotype 1b was exceptionally effective, however, NS5A RAVs undermined the virological effect for cirrhosis patients. Moreover, LDV/SOF was shown to be safe, irrespective of age or fibrosis status.

• Authors: Eiichi Ogawa, Norihiro Furusyo, Hideyuki Nomura, Kazufumi Dohmen, Nobuhiko Higashi, Kazuhiro Takahashi, Akira Kawano, Koichi Azuma, Takeaki Satoh, Makoto Nakamuta, Toshimasa Koyanagi, Masaki Kato, Shinji Shimoda, Eiji Kajiwara, Jun Hayashi, Kyushu University Liver Disease Study (KULDS) Group
• Journal: Journal of gastroenterology (J Gastroenterol) Vol. 52 Issue 7 Pg. 845-854 (Jul 2017) ISSN: 1435-5922 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 27913920 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study)

Chemical References

• Antiviral Agents
• Benzimidazoles
• Fluorenes
• Viral Nonstructural Proteins
• ledipasvir
• NS-5 protein, hepatitis C virus
• Sofosbuvir

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)
• Benzimidazoles (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Cohort Studies
• Drug Resistance, Viral (genetics)
• Drug Therapy, Combination (adverse effects)
• Female
• Fluorenes (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Genotype
• Hepacivirus (genetics)
• Hepatitis C, Chronic (complications, drug therapy)
• Humans
• Liver Cirrhosis (virology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Risk Factors
• Sex Factors
• Sofosbuvir (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Sustained Virologic Response
• Treatment Failure
• Viral Nonstructural Proteins (genetics)
• Young Adult