Effects of canola and high-oleic-acid canola oils on abdominal fat mass in individuals with central obesity.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the effect of diets low in saturated fatty acids and high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids on body composition in participants at risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS).

METHODS:

This study was a randomized, crossover, controlled feeding study. Participants (n = 101, ages 49.5 ± 1.2, BMI 29.4 ± 0.4 kg/m2 ) were randomized to five isocaloric diets containing treatment oils: Canola, CanolaOleic, CanolaDHA, Corn/Safflower, and Flax/Safflower. Each diet period was 4 weeks followed by a 2- to 4-week washout period.

RESULTS:

Canola (3.1 kg, P = 0.026) and CanolaOleic oil diets (3.09 kg, P = 0.03) reduced android fat mass compared with the Flax/Saff oil diet (3.2 kg), particularly in men. The decrease in abdominal fat mass was correlated with the reduction in blood pressure after the Canola (systolic blood pressure: r = 0.26, P = 0.062; diastolic blood pressure: r = 0.38, P = 0.0049) and CanolaOleic oil diets (systolic blood pressure: r = 0.39 P = 0.004; diastolic blood pressure: r = 0.45, P = 0.0006). The decrease in abdominal fat mass also was associated with a reduction in triglyceride levels after the CanolaOleic oil diet (r = 0.42, P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS:

Diets high in MUFA (compared with PUFA) reduced central obesity with an accompanying improvement in MetS risk factors. Diets high in MUFA may be beneficial for treating and perhaps preventing MetS.

• Authors: Xiaoran Liu, Penny M Kris-Etherton, Sheila G West, Benoît Lamarche, David J A Jenkins, Jennifer A Fleming, Cindy E McCrea, Shuaihua Pu, Patrick Couture, Philip W Connelly, Peter J H Jones
• Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) (Obesity (Silver Spring)) Vol. 24 Issue 11 Pg. 2261-2268 (11 2016) ISSN: 1930-739X [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 27804268 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)
• Copyright: © 2016 The Obesity Society.

Chemical References

• Cholesterol, HDL
• Cholesterol, LDL
• Plant Oils
• Rapeseed Oil
• Triglycerides
• Docosahexaenoic Acids
• Oleic Acid
• Safflower Oil
• Linseed Oil
• Corn Oil

Topics

• Abdominal Fat (anatomy & histology)
• Absorptiometry, Photon
• Adult
• Aged
• Blood Pressure
• Body Composition
• Body Mass Index
• Body Weight
• Cholesterol, HDL (blood)
• Cholesterol, LDL (blood)
• Corn Oil (administration & dosage, chemistry)
• Cross-Over Studies
• Diet
• Docosahexaenoic Acids (administration & dosage)
• Female
• Humans
• Linseed Oil (administration & dosage, chemistry)
• Male
• Metabolic Syndrome (prevention & control)
• Middle Aged
• Obesity, Abdominal (diet therapy)
• Oleic Acid (administration & dosage)
• Plant Oils (administration & dosage, chemistry)
• Rapeseed Oil
• Risk Factors
• Safflower Oil (administration & dosage, chemistry)
• Triglycerides (blood)
• Young Adult