Probable insomnia is associated with future total energy intake and diet quality in men.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Insomnia is associated with several adverse health outcomes. Small clinical studies have suggested that an inferior nutrition status is a potential explanation, but to our knowledge, this possibility has not been examined in a large-scale, population-based cohort study.

OBJECTIVE:

We examined whether individuals with probable insomnia and individual insomnia symptoms had greater energy intake and a lower diet quality as assessed with the use of the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) 2 y later.

DESIGN:

A cohort study of 15,273 US men aged 58-93 y who were free of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes and were participating in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study reported information on insomnia symptoms in 2004. Dietary intake was assessed with the use of a food-frequency questionnaire in 2002 and 2006. We calculated the adjusted mean differences of total energy intake in 2006 and the AHEI-component scores and their 95% CIs between subjects with and without probable insomnia in 2004 and also across categories for each insomnia symptom while adjusting for related covariates.

RESULTS:

After dietary intake in 2002, major chronic conditions, and other potential confounders were controlled for, men with probable insomnia had a mean higher consumption of 35.8 kcal/d (95% CI: 17.4, 54.1 kcal/d) and had lower scores in 3 individual AHEI components (trans fat, vegetables, and sodium), which denoted higher consumption of trans fat and sodium and lower intake of vegetables (P ≤ 0.01 for all). For individual insomnia symptoms, nonrestorative sleep and a difficulty maintaining sleep were associated with higher energy intake (P-trend ≤ 0.007 for both). A similar trend was observed in men who had difficulty initiating sleep (P-trend = 0.07). We also observed a significant association between the difficulty of initiating sleep and a lower AHEI score 2 y later (P-trend = 0.004).

CONCLUSION:

Probable insomnia is associated with higher intakes of total energy, trans fat, and sodium and lower intake of vegetables.

• Authors: Feon W Cheng, Yanping Li, John W Winkelman, Frank B Hu, Eric B Rimm, Xiang Gao
• Journal: The American journal of clinical nutrition (Am J Clin Nutr) Vol. 104 Issue 2 Pg. 462-9 (08 2016) ISSN: 1938-3207 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 27413124 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
• Copyright: © 2016 American Society for Nutrition.

Chemical References

• Sodium, Dietary
• Trans Fatty Acids

Topics

• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Diet (standards)
• Diet Surveys
• Energy Intake
• Feeding Behavior
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Sleep
• Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
• Sodium, Dietary (administration & dosage)
• Trans Fatty Acids (administration & dosage)
• United States
• Vegetables