Cerebral microbleeds are strongly linked to
cognitive dysfunction in the elderly.
Iron accumulation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of
intracranial hemorrhage.
Deferoxamine (DFX), a
metal chelator, removes
iron overload and protects against brain damage in
intracranial hemorrhage. In this study, the protective effects of DFX against microhemorrhage were examined in mice. C57BL6 and Thy-1
green fluorescent protein transgenic mice were subjected to perforating artery microhemorrhages on the right posterior parietal cortex using two-photon
laser irradiation. DFX (100 mg/kg) was administered 6 h after microhemorrhage induction, followed by every 12 h for three consecutive days. The water maze task was conducted 7 days after induction of microhemorrhages, followed by measurement of blood-brain barrier permeability,
iron deposition, microglial activation, and dendritic damage.
Laser-induced multiple microbleeds in the right parietal cortex clearly led to spatial memory disruption,
iron deposits, microglial activation, and dendritic damage, which were significantly attenuated by DFX, supporting the targeting of
iron overload as a therapeutic option and the significant potential of DFX in microhemorrhage treatment. Irons accumulation after
intracranial hemorrhage induced a serious secondary damage to the brain. We proposed that irons accumulation after parietal microhemorrhages impaired spatial cognition. After parietal multiple microhemorrhages, increased irons and
ferritin contents induced blood-brain barrier disruption, microglial activation, and further induced dendrites loss, eventually impaired the water maze,
deferoxamine treatment protected from these damages.